{"id":5650,"date":"2022-03-26T15:51:30","date_gmt":"2022-03-26T07:51:30","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.weijing.co\/?p=5650"},"modified":"2022-03-26T15:51:30","modified_gmt":"2022-03-26T07:51:30","slug":"hdfs-namenode-%e9%ab%98%e5%8f%af%e7%94%a8%e5%ae%9e%e7%8e%b0%e5%8e%9f%e7%90%86","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/www.weijing.co\/?p=5650","title":{"rendered":"HDFS NameNode \u9ad8\u53ef\u7528\u5b9e\u73b0\u539f\u7406"},"content":{"rendered":"<header class=\"Post-Header\"><\/header>\n<div class=\"Post-RichTextContainer\">\n<div class=\"css-1yuhvjn\">\n<div class=\"RichText ztext Post-RichText css-ql0744\">\n<h2><b>\u5386\u53f2\u80cc\u666f<\/b><\/h2>\n<p data-pid=\"sgKrAwNS\">\u5728 Hadoop 1.0 \u65f6\u4ee3\uff0cNameNode \u5b58\u5728\u5355\u70b9\u95ee\u9898\uff08SPOF\uff0csingle point of failure \uff09\uff0c\u4e00\u65e6\u6302\u6389\uff0c\u6574\u4e2a HDFS \u90fd\u4e0d\u80fd\u8bbf\u95ee\uff0c\u800c\u4f9d\u8d56\u5b83\u7684 MapReduce\u3001Hive\u3001HBase \u7b49\u90fd\u5c06\u65e0\u6cd5\u6b63\u5e38\u670d\u52a1\u3002<\/p>\n<h2><b>\u89e3\u51b3\u601d\u8def<\/b><\/h2>\n<p data-pid=\"mFIsWnUe\">\u4e00\u4e2a NameNode \u6709\u5355\u70b9\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u518d\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e00\u4e2a NameNode \u4f5c\u4e3a\u5907\u4efd\uff0c\u4e0d\u662f\u80fd\u89e3\u51b3\u95ee\u9898\uff1f\u8fd9\u4fbf\u662f<b>\u4e3b\u5907\u6a21\u5f0f<\/b>\u7684\u601d\u60f3\u3002\u7ee7\u7eed\u8fd9\u4e2a\u601d\u8def\uff0c\u5149\u6709\u5907\u4efd\u7684 NameNode \u591f\u5417\uff1f\u6211\u4eec\u77e5\u9053 NameNode \u4e0a\u5b58\u50a8\u7684\u662f HDFS \u4e0a\u6240\u6709\u7684\u5143\u6570\u636e\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u6700\u5173\u952e\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u5728\u4e8e NameNode \u6302\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\uff0c\u5907\u4efd\u7684\u8981\u53ca\u65f6\u9876\u4e0a\uff0c\u8fd9\u5c31\u610f\u5473\u7740\u6211\u4eec\u8981\u628a\u6240\u6709\u7684\u5143\u6570\u636e\u90fd\u540c\u6b65\u5230\u5907\u4efd\u8282\u70b9\u3002\u597d\uff0c\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\u6211\u4eec\u8003\u8651\u5982\u4f55\u540c\u6b65\u5462\uff1f\u6bcf\u6b21 HDFS \u5199\u5165\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u90fd\u8981\u540c\u6b65\u5199 NameNode \u548c\u5176\u5907\u4efd\u8282\u70b9\u5417\uff1f\u5982\u679c\u5907\u4efd\u8282\u70b9\u6302\u4e86\u5c31\u4f1a\u5199\u5931\u8d25\uff1f\u663e\u7136\u4e0d\u80fd\u8fd9\u6837\uff0c\u53ea\u80fd\u662f\u5f02\u6b65\u6765\u540c\u6b65\u5143\u6570\u636e\u3002\u5982\u679c NameNode \u521a\u597d\u5b95\u673a\u5374\u6ca1\u6709\u5c06\u5143\u6570\u636e\u5f02\u6b65\u5199\u5165\u5230\u5907\u4efd\u8282\u70b9\u5462\uff1f\u90a3\u8fd9\u90e8\u5206\u4fe1\u606f\u5c82\u4e0d\u662f\u4e22\u5931\u4e86\uff1f\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u5c31\u81ea\u7136\u8981\u5f15\u5165\u7b2c\u4e09\u65b9\u7684\u5b58\u50a8\u4e86\uff0c\u5728 HA \u65b9\u6848\u4e2d\u53eb\u505a\u201c<b>\u5171\u4eab\u5b58\u50a8<\/b>\u201d\u3002\u6bcf\u6b21\u5199\u6587\u4ef6\u65f6\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u5c06\u65e5\u5fd7\u540c\u6b65\u5199\u5165\u5171\u4eab\u5b58\u50a8\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6b65\u9aa4\u6210\u529f\u624d\u80fd\u8ba4\u5b9a\u5199\u6587\u4ef6\u6210\u529f\u3002\u7136\u540e\u5907\u4efd\u8282\u70b9\u5b9a\u671f\u4ece\u5171\u4eab\u5b58\u50a8\u540c\u6b65\u65e5\u5fd7\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u8fdb\u884c\u4e3b\u5907\u5207\u6362\u3002<\/p>\n<h2><b>\u67b6\u6784<\/b><\/h2>\n<figure data-size=\"normal\"><img class=\"origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb lazy aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/pic2.zhimg.com\/80\/v2-17b8bd8202056be16268e0545bf856e1_720w.jpg\" width=\"568\" data-caption=\"\" data-size=\"normal\" data-rawwidth=\"568\" data-rawheight=\"343\" data-original=\"https:\/\/pic2.zhimg.com\/v2-17b8bd8202056be16268e0545bf856e1_r.jpg\" data-actualsrc=\"https:\/\/pic2.zhimg.com\/v2-17b8bd8202056be16268e0545bf856e1_b.jpg\" data-lazy-status=\"ok\" \/><\/figure>\n<ul>\n<li data-pid=\"w96BCLmm\">Active NameNode \u548c Standby NameNode\uff1a\u4e24\u53f0 NameNode \u5f62\u6210\u4e92\u5907\uff0c\u4e00\u53f0\u5904\u4e8e Active \u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u4e3a\u4e3b NameNode\uff0c\u53e6\u5916\u4e00\u53f0\u5904\u4e8e Standby \u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u4e3a\u5907 NameNode\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u4e3b NameNode \u624d\u80fd\u5bf9\u5916\u63d0\u4f9b\u8bfb\u5199\u670d\u52a1\u3002<\/li>\n<li data-pid=\"pfQQwpF2\">\u4e3b\u5907\u5207\u6362\u63a7\u5236\u5668 ZKFailoverController\uff1aZKFailoverController \u4f5c\u4e3a\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u8fd0\u884c\uff0c\u5bf9 NameNode \u7684\u4e3b\u5907\u5207\u6362\u8fdb\u884c\u603b\u4f53\u63a7\u5236\u3002ZKFailoverController \u80fd\u53ca\u65f6\u68c0\u6d4b\u5230 NameNode \u7684\u5065\u5eb7\u72b6\u51b5\uff0c\u5728\u4e3b NameNode \u6545\u969c\u65f6\u501f\u52a9 Zookeeper \u5b9e\u73b0\u81ea\u52a8\u7684\u4e3b\u5907\u9009\u4e3e\u548c\u5207\u6362\uff0c\u5f53\u7136 NameNode \u76ee\u524d\u4e5f\u652f\u6301\u4e0d\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8e Zookeeper \u7684\u624b\u52a8\u4e3b\u5907\u5207\u6362\u3002<\/li>\n<li data-pid=\"f-G3AW0d\">Zookeeper \u96c6\u7fa4\uff1a\u4e3a\u4e3b\u5907\u5207\u6362\u63a7\u5236\u5668\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e3b\u5907\u9009\u4e3e\u652f\u6301\u3002<\/li>\n<li data-pid=\"zX9g3SVX\">\u5171\u4eab\u5b58\u50a8\u7cfb\u7edf\uff1a\u5171\u4eab\u5b58\u50a8\u7cfb\u7edf\u662f\u5b9e\u73b0 NameNode \u7684\u9ad8\u53ef\u7528\u6700\u4e3a\u5173\u952e\u7684\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u5171\u4eab\u5b58\u50a8\u7cfb\u7edf\u4fdd\u5b58\u4e86 NameNode \u5728\u8fd0\u884c\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u6240\u4ea7\u751f\u7684 HDFS \u7684\u5143\u6570\u636e\u3002Active NameNode \u548c Standby NameNode \u901a\u8fc7\u5171\u4eab\u5b58\u50a8\u7cfb\u7edf\u5b9e\u73b0\u5143\u6570\u636e\u540c\u6b65\u3002\u5728\u8fdb\u884c\u4e3b\u5907\u5207\u6362\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u65b0\u7684\u4e3b NameNode \u5728\u786e\u8ba4\u5143\u6570\u636e\u5b8c\u5168\u540c\u6b65\u4e4b\u540e\u624d\u80fd\u7ee7\u7eed\u5bf9\u5916\u63d0\u4f9b\u670d\u52a1\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p data-pid=\"35-u5Jvl\">\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u51fa\uff0c\u8fd9\u91cc\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u662f\u5171\u4eab\u5b58\u50a8\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5e74\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u7684 NameNode \u5171\u4eab\u5b58\u50a8\u65b9\u6848\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982 Linux HA, VMware FT, shared NAS+NFS, BookKeeper, QJM\/Quorum Journal Manager, BackupNode \u7b49\u7b49\u3002\u5728\u5173\u4e8e\u5171\u4eab\u5b58\u50a8\u8bbe\u5907\u7684\u9009\u62e9\u4e0a\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a<b>NFS\u4e5f\u4f1a\u6709\u5355\u70b9\u6545\u969c\u95ee\u9898\uff0c<\/b>\u76ee\u524d\u793e\u533a\u5df2\u7ecf\u628a\u7531 Clouderea \u516c\u53f8\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u57fa\u4e8e QJM\uff08Quorum Journal Manager\uff09\u7684\u65b9\u6848\u5408\u5e76\u5230 HDFS \u7684 trunk \u4e4b\u4e2d\u5e76\u4e14\u4f5c\u4e3a\u9ed8\u8ba4\u7684\u5171\u4eab\u5b58\u50a8\u5b9e\u73b0\u3002<\/p>\n<h2><b>QJM<\/b><\/h2>\n<p data-pid=\"tsIjz6Xl\">\u57fa\u4e8e QJM \u7684\u5171\u4eab\u5b58\u50a8\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e3b\u8981\u7528\u4e8e<b>\u4fdd\u5b58 EditLog\uff0c\u5e76\u4e0d\u4fdd\u5b58 FSImage \u6587\u4ef6<\/b>\u3002FSImage \u6587\u4ef6\u8fd8\u662f\u5728 NameNode \u7684\u672c\u5730\u78c1\u76d8\u4e0a\u3002QJM \u5171\u4eab\u5b58\u50a8\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u601d\u60f3\u6765\u81ea\u4e8e Paxos \u7b97\u6cd5\uff0c\u91c7\u7528\u591a\u4e2a\u79f0\u4e3a JournalNode \u7684\u8282\u70b9\u7ec4\u6210\u7684 JournalNode \u96c6\u7fa4\u6765\u5b58\u50a8 EditLog\u3002\u6bcf\u4e2a JournalNode \u4fdd\u5b58\u540c\u6837\u7684 EditLog \u526f\u672c\u3002\u6bcf\u6b21 NameNode \u5199 EditLog \u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u9664\u4e86\u5411\u672c\u5730\u78c1\u76d8\u5199\u5165 EditLog \u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u4e5f\u4f1a\u5e76\u884c\u5730\u5411 JournalNode \u96c6\u7fa4\u4e4b\u4e2d\u7684\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a JournalNode \u53d1\u9001\u5199\u8bf7\u6c42\uff0c\u53ea\u8981\u5927\u591a\u6570 (majority) \u7684 JournalNode \u8282\u70b9\u8fd4\u56de\u6210\u529f\u5c31\u8ba4\u4e3a\u5411 JournalNode \u96c6\u7fa4\u5199\u5165 EditLog \u6210\u529f\u3002\u5982\u679c\u6709 2N+1 \u53f0 JournalNode\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u6839\u636e\u5927\u591a\u6570\u7684\u539f\u5219\uff0c\u6700\u591a\u53ef\u4ee5\u5bb9\u5fcd\u6709 N \u53f0 JournalNode \u8282\u70b9\u6302\u6389\u3002<\/p>\n<h3><b>\u6570\u636e\u540c\u6b65\u673a\u5236<\/b><\/h3>\n<figure data-size=\"normal\"><img class=\"origin_image zh-lightbox-thumb lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/pic4.zhimg.com\/80\/v2-f2a31ae706c6c252dd13a571452b130f_720w.jpg\" width=\"627\" data-caption=\"\" data-size=\"normal\" data-rawwidth=\"627\" data-rawheight=\"259\" data-original=\"https:\/\/pic4.zhimg.com\/v2-f2a31ae706c6c252dd13a571452b130f_r.jpg\" data-actualsrc=\"https:\/\/pic4.zhimg.com\/v2-f2a31ae706c6c252dd13a571452b130f_b.jpg\" data-lazy-status=\"ok\" \/><\/figure>\n<ol>\n<li data-pid=\"bjYoZmey\">Active NameNode \u63d0\u4ea4 EditLog \u5230 JournalNode \u96c6\u7fa4<br \/>\nActive NameNode \u63d0\u4ea4 EditLog \u5230 JournalNode \u96c6\u7fa4\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u662f\u540c\u6b65\u963b\u585e\u7684\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5e76\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u6240\u6709\u7684 JournalNode \u90fd\u8c03\u7528\u6210\u529f\uff0c\u53ea\u8981\u5927\u591a\u6570 JournalNode \u8c03\u7528\u6210\u529f\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e86\u3002\u5426\u5219\u5c31\u8ba4\u4e3a\u63d0\u4ea4 EditLog \u5931\u8d25\uff0cNameNode \u505c\u6b62\u670d\u52a1\u9000\u51fa\u8fdb\u7a0b\u3002<\/li>\n<li data-pid=\"vTpHWsdM\">Standby NameNode \u4ece JournalNode \u96c6\u7fa4\u540c\u6b65 EditLog<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p data-pid=\"cfxA4RK5\">\u867d\u7136 Active NameNode \u5411 JournalNode \u96c6\u7fa4\u63d0\u4ea4 EditLog \u662f\u540c\u6b65\u7684\uff0c\u4f46 Standby NameNode \u91c7\u7528\u7684\u662f\u5b9a\u65f6\u4ece JournalNode \u96c6\u7fa4\u4e0a\u540c\u6b65 EditLog \u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48 Standby NameNode \u5185\u5b58\u4e2d\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u955c\u50cf\u6709\u5f88\u5927\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u843d\u540e\u4e8e Active NameNode \u7684\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5 Standby NameNode \u5728\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a Active NameNode \u7684\u65f6\u5019\u9700\u8981\u628a\u843d\u540e\u7684 EditLog \u8865\u4e0a\u6765\u3002<\/p>\n<h2><b>\u8111\u88c2\u95ee\u9898<\/b><\/h2>\n<p data-pid=\"SA5-Jv9C\">\u5047\u8bbe NameNode1 \u5f53\u524d\u4e3a Active \u72b6\u6001\uff0cNameNode2 \u5f53\u524d\u4e3a Standby \u72b6\u6001\u3002\u5982\u679c\u67d0\u4e00\u65f6\u523b NameNode1 \u5bf9\u5e94\u7684 ZKFailoverController \u8fdb\u7a0b\u53d1\u751f\u4e86\u201c\u5047\u6b7b\u201d\u73b0\u8c61\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48 Zookeeper \u670d\u52a1\u7aef\u4f1a\u8ba4\u4e3a NameNode1 \u6302\u6389\u4e86\uff0c\u6839\u636e\u524d\u9762\u7684\u4e3b\u5907\u5207\u6362\u903b\u8f91\uff0cNameNode2 \u4f1a\u66ff\u4ee3 NameNode1 \u8fdb\u5165 Active \u72b6\u6001\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u6b64\u65f6 NameNode1 \u53ef\u80fd\u4ecd\u7136\u5904\u4e8e Active \u72b6\u6001\u6b63\u5e38\u8fd0\u884c\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u968f\u540e NameNode1 \u5bf9\u5e94\u7684 ZKFailoverController \u56e0\u4e3a\u8d1f\u8f7d\u4e0b\u964d\u6216\u8005 Full GC \u7ed3\u675f\u800c\u6062\u590d\u4e86\u6b63\u5e38\uff0c\u611f\u77e5\u5230\u81ea\u5df1\u548c Zookeeper \u7684 Session \u5df2\u7ecf\u5173\u95ed\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u7531\u4e8e\u7f51\u7edc\u7684\u5ef6\u8fdf\u4ee5\u53ca CPU \u7ebf\u7a0b\u8c03\u5ea6\u7684\u4e0d\u786e\u5b9a\u6027\uff0c\u4ecd\u7136\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u5728\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\u7684\u4e00\u6bb5\u65f6\u95f4\u7a97\u53e3\u5185 NameNode1 \u8ba4\u4e3a\u81ea\u5df1\u8fd8\u662f\u5904\u4e8e Active \u72b6\u6001\u3002\u8fd9\u6837 NameNode1 \u548c NameNode2 \u90fd\u5904\u4e8e Active \u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u5bf9\u5916\u63d0\u4f9b\u670d\u52a1\u3002<\/p>\n<p data-pid=\"DAdvhmzI\">\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u5bf9\u4e8e NameNode 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