{"id":5463,"date":"2021-01-03T20:20:25","date_gmt":"2021-01-03T12:20:25","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/39.97.231.10\/?p=5463"},"modified":"2021-01-03T20:20:25","modified_gmt":"2021-01-03T12:20:25","slug":"%e5%ae%b9%e5%99%a8%e6%8a%80%e6%9c%af%e5%8e%9f%e7%90%86","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/www.weijing.co\/?p=5463","title":{"rendered":"\u5bb9\u5668\u6280\u672f\u539f\u7406"},"content":{"rendered":"<h3 data-nodeid=\\\"650\\\">\u5bb9\u5668\u6280\u672f\u539f\u7406<\/h3>\n<p data-nodeid=\\\"651\\\">\u63d0\u8d77\u5bb9\u5668\u5c31\u4e0d\u5f97\u4e0d\u8bf4 chroot\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a chroot \u662f\u6700\u65e9\u7684\u5bb9\u5668\u96cf\u5f62\u3002chroot \u610f\u5473\u7740\u5207\u6362\u6839\u76ee\u5f55\uff0c\u6709\u4e86 chroot \u5c31\u610f\u5473\u7740\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u628a\u4efb\u4f55\u76ee\u5f55\u66f4\u6539\u4e3a\u5f53\u524d\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u6839\u76ee\u5f55\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e0e\u5bb9\u5668\u975e\u5e38\u76f8\u4f3c\uff0c\u4e0b\u9762\u6211\u4eec\u901a\u8fc7\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b9e\u4f8b\u4e86\u89e3\u4e0b chroot\u3002<\/p>\n<h4 data-nodeid=\\\"652\\\">chroot<\/h4>\n<blockquote data-nodeid=\\\"654\\\">\n<p data-nodeid=\\\"655\\\">chroot \u662f\u5728 Unix \u548c Linux \u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u9488\u5bf9\u6b63\u5728\u8fd0\u4f5c\u7684\u8f6f\u4ef6\u884c\u7a0b\u548c\u5b83\u7684\u5b50\u8fdb\u7a0b\uff0c\u6539\u53d8\u5b83\u5916\u663e\u7684\u6839\u76ee\u5f55\u3002\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fd0\u884c\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u73af\u5883\u4e0b\uff0c\u7ecf\u7531 chroot \u8bbe\u7f6e\u6839\u76ee\u5f55\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u5b83\u4e0d\u80fd\u591f\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6307\u5b9a\u6839\u76ee\u5f55\u4e4b\u5916\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u8fdb\u884c\u8bbf\u95ee\u52a8\u4f5c\uff0c\u4e0d\u80fd\u8bfb\u53d6\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u80fd\u66f4\u6539\u5b83\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u3002<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p data-nodeid=\\\"656\\\">chroot \u5c31\u662f\u53ef\u4ee5\u6539\u53d8\u67d0\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u6839\u76ee\u5f55\uff0c\u4f7f\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e0d\u80fd\u8bbf\u95ee\u76ee\u5f55\u4e4b\u5916\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u76ee\u5f55\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8ddf\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u5bb9\u5668\u4e2d\u662f\u5f88\u76f8\u4f3c\u7684\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u6211\u4eec\u901a\u8fc7\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b9e\u4f8b\u6765\u6f14\u793a\u4e0b chroot\u3002<\/p>\n<p data-nodeid=\\\"657\\\">\u9996\u5148\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u5f53\u524d\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a rootfs \u76ee\u5f55\uff1a<\/p>\n<div class=\\\"course-code-area\\\">\n<div class=\\\"copy-btn\\\">\n<pre class=\\\"copy-icon\\\"><span class=\\\"bash\\\"># mkdir rootfs<\/span><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\\\"course-code-area\\\">\n<div class=\\\"copy-btn\\\">\n<div class=\\\"copy-icon\\\"><\/div>\n<p>\u4e3a\u4e86\u65b9\u4fbf\u6f14\u793a\uff0c\u6211\u4f7f\u7528\u73b0\u6210\u7684 busybox \u955c\u50cf\u6765\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u955c\u50cf\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u548c\u7ec4\u6210\u540e\u9762\u6211\u4f1a\u8be6\u7ec6\u8bb2\u89e3\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u6ca1\u6709 Docker \u57fa\u7840\u53ef\u4ee5\u628a\u4e0b\u9762\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u547d\u4ee4\u7406\u89e3\u6210\u5728 rootfs \u4e0b\u521b\u5efa\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u76ee\u5f55\u548c\u653e\u7f6e\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/p><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<pre data-nodeid=\\\"661\\\"><span style=\\\"background-color: #eeeeee; color: #23282d; font-family: Menlo, Consolas, monaco, monospace; font-size: 14px; white-space: pre-wrap;\\\"># cd rootfs<\/span>\n# docker export $(docker create busybox) -o busybox.tar\n# tar -xf busybox.tar<\/pre>\n<p data-nodeid=\\\"661\\\">\u6267\u884c\u5b8c\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u540e\uff0c\u5728 rootfs \u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4f1a\u5f97\u5230\u4e00\u4e9b\u76ee\u5f55\u548c\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u4e0b\u9762\u6211\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528 ls \u547d\u4ee4\u67e5\u770b\u4e00\u4e0b rootfs \u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u3002<\/p>\n<div class=\\\"course-code-area\\\">\n<div class=\\\"copy-btn\\\">\n<pre class=\\\"copy-icon\\\"><span style=\\\"background-color: #eeeeee; color: #23282d; font-family: Menlo, Consolas, monaco, monospace; font-size: 14px; white-space: pre-wrap;\\\"># ls\nbin busybox.tar dev etc home proc root sys tmp usr var<\/span><\/pre>\n<p><span style=\\\"font-size: 1rem;\\\">\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\u6211\u4eec\u5728 rootfs \u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u76ee\u5f55\uff0c\u4e0b\u9762\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u901a\u8fc7\u4e00\u6761\u547d\u4ee4\u6765\u89c1\u8bc1 chroot \u7684\u795e\u5947\u4e4b\u5904\u3002\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u542f\u52a8\u4e00\u4e2a sh \u8fdb\u7a0b\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u628a \/home\/centos\/rootfs \u4f5c\u4e3a sh \u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u6839\u76ee\u5f55\u3002<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<div class=\\\"course-code-area\\\">\n<div class=\\\"copy-icon\\\"><\/div>\n<pre class=\\\"copy-btn\\\"><span class=\\\"hljs-meta\\\">#<\/span><span class=\\\"bash\\\"> chroot \/home\/centos\/rootfs \/bin\/sh<\/span><\/pre>\n<div><\/div>\n<div class=\\\"copy-btn\\\"><span style=\\\"font-size: 1rem;\\\">\u6b64\u65f6\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u7a97\u53e3\u5df2\u7ecf\u5904\u4e8e\u4e0a\u8ff0\u547d\u4ee4\u542f\u52a8\u7684 sh \u8fdb\u7a0b\u4e2d\u3002\u5728\u5f53\u524d sh \u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u7a97\u53e3\u4e0b\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528 ls \u547d\u4ee4\u67e5\u770b\u4e00\u4e0b\u5f53\u524d\u8fdb\u7a0b\uff0c\u770b\u662f\u5426\u771f\u7684\u4e0e\u4e3b\u673a\u4e0a\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u76ee\u5f55\u9694\u79bb\u5f00\u4e86\u3002<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<pre>\n<span style=\\\"background-color: #eeeeee; color: #23282d; font-family: Menlo, Consolas, monaco, monospace; font-size: 14px; white-space: pre-wrap;\\\"># ls\nbin busybox.tar dev etc home proc root sys tmp usr var<\/span><\/pre>\n<div class=\\\"course-code-area\\\">\n<div class=\\\"copy-btn\\\">\n<div><\/div>\n<div class=\\\"copy-icon\\\"><span style=\\\"font-size: 1rem;\\\">\u8fd9\u91cc\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\u5f53\u524d\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u6839\u76ee\u5f55\u5df2\u7ecf\u53d8\u6210\u4e86\u4e3b\u673a\u4e0a\u7684 \/home\/centos\/rootfs \u76ee\u5f55\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u5c31\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e86\u5f53\u524d\u8fdb\u7a0b\u4e0e\u4e3b\u673a\u7684\u9694\u79bb\u3002\u5230\u6b64\u4e3a\u6b62\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u76ee\u5f55\u9694\u79bb\u7684\u5bb9\u5668\u5c31\u5b8c\u6210\u4e86\u3002<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\\\"copy-icon\\\"><span style=\\\"font-size: 1rem;\\\">\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u6b64\u65f6\u8fd8\u4e0d\u80fd\u79f0\u4e4b\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u5bb9\u5668\uff0c\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u5462\uff1f\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u4e0a\u4e00\u6b65\uff08\u4f7f\u7528 chroot \u542f\u52a8\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u7a97\u53e3\uff09\u6267\u884c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u67e5\u770b\u5982\u4e0b\u8def\u7531\u4fe1\u606f\uff1a<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<pre data-nodeid=\\\"667\\\">\/etc # \/bin\/ip route\ndefault via 172.20.1.1 dev eth0\n172.17.0.0\/16 dev docker0 scope link src 172.17.0.1\n172.20.1.0\/24 dev eth0 scope link src 172.20.1.3<\/pre>\n<div class=\\\"course-code-area\\\">\n<span style=\\\"font-size: 1rem;\\\">\u6267\u884c ip route \u547d\u4ee4\u540e\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\u7f51\u7edc\u4fe1\u606f\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u9694\u79bb\uff0c\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7b49\u4fe1\u606f\u6b64\u65f6\u4e5f\u5e76\u672a\u9694\u79bb\u3002\u8981\u60f3\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u5bb9\u5668\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u8fd8\u9700\u8981 Linux \u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u4e09\u9879\u6280\u672f\uff1a Namespace\u3001Cgroups \u548c\u8054\u5408\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002<\/span>\n<\/div>\n<p data-nodeid=\\\"670\\\">Docker \u662f\u5229\u7528 Linux \u7684 Namespace \u3001Cgroups \u548c\u8054\u5408\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e09\u5927\u673a\u5236\u6765\u4fdd\u8bc1\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\uff0c \u6240\u4ee5\u5b83\u7684\u539f\u7406\u662f\u4f7f\u7528 Namespace \u505a\u4e3b\u673a\u540d\u3001\u7f51\u7edc\u3001PID \u7b49\u8d44\u6e90\u7684\u9694\u79bb\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528 Cgroups \u5bf9\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6216\u8005\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7ec4\u505a\u8d44\u6e90\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\uff1aCPU\u3001\u5185\u5b58\u7b49\uff09\u7684\u9650\u5236\uff0c\u8054\u5408\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u7528\u4e8e\u955c\u50cf\u6784\u5efa\u548c\u5bb9\u5668\u8fd0\u884c\u73af\u5883\u3002<\/p>\n<p data-nodeid=\\\"671\\\">\u540e\u9762\u6211\u4f1a\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6280\u672f\u8fdb\u884c\u8be6\u7ec6\u8bb2\u89e3\uff0c\u8fd9\u91cc\u6211\u5c31\u7b80\u5355\u89e3\u91ca\u4e0b\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n<h4 data-nodeid=\\\"672\\\">Namespace<\/h4>\n<p data-nodeid=\\\"673\\\">Namespace \u662f Linux \u5185\u6838\u7684\u4e00\u9879\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u8be5\u529f\u80fd\u5bf9\u5185\u6838\u8d44\u6e90\u8fdb\u884c\u9694\u79bb\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u5bb9\u5668\u4e2d\u7684\u8fdb\u7a0b\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u5355\u72ec\u7684\u547d\u540d\u7a7a\u95f4\u4e2d\u8fd0\u884c\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u53ea\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bbf\u95ee\u5f53\u524d\u5bb9\u5668\u547d\u540d\u7a7a\u95f4\u7684\u8d44\u6e90\u3002Namespace \u53ef\u4ee5\u9694\u79bb\u8fdb\u7a0b ID\u3001\u4e3b\u673a\u540d\u3001\u7528\u6237 ID\u3001\u6587\u4ef6\u540d\u3001\u7f51\u7edc\u8bbf\u95ee\u548c\u8fdb\u7a0b\u95f4\u901a\u4fe1\u7b49\u76f8\u5173\u8d44\u6e90\u3002<\/p>\n<p data-nodeid=\\\"674\\\">Docker \u4e3b\u8981\u7528\u5230\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4e94\u79cd\u547d\u540d\u7a7a\u95f4\u3002<\/p>\n<ul data-nodeid=\\\"675\\\">\n<li data-nodeid=\\\"676\\\">\n<p data-nodeid=\\\"677\\\">pid namespace\uff1a\u7528\u4e8e\u9694\u79bb\u8fdb\u7a0b ID\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-nodeid=\\\"678\\\">\n<p data-nodeid=\\\"679\\\">net namespace\uff1a\u9694\u79bb\u7f51\u7edc\u63a5\u53e3\uff0c\u5728\u865a\u62df\u7684 net namespace \u5185\u7528\u6237\u53ef\u4ee5\u62e5\u6709\u81ea\u5df1\u72ec\u7acb\u7684 IP\u3001\u8def\u7531\u3001\u7aef\u53e3\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-nodeid=\\\"680\\\">\n<p data-nodeid=\\\"681\\\">mnt namespace\uff1a\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u6302\u8f7d\u70b9\u9694\u79bb\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-nodeid=\\\"682\\\">\n<p data-nodeid=\\\"683\\\">ipc namespace\uff1a\u4fe1\u53f7\u91cf,\u6d88\u606f\u961f\u5217\u548c\u5171\u4eab\u5185\u5b58\u7684\u9694\u79bb\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li data-nodeid=\\\"684\\\">\n<p data-nodeid=\\\"685\\\">uts namespace\uff1a\u4e3b\u673a\u540d\u548c\u57df\u540d\u7684\u9694\u79bb\u3002<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4 data-nodeid=\\\"686\\\">Cgroups<\/h4>\n<p data-nodeid=\\\"687\\\">Cgroups \u662f\u4e00\u79cd Linux \u5185\u6838\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u9650\u5236\u548c\u9694\u79bb\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7684\u8d44\u6e90\u4f7f\u7528\u60c5\u51b5\uff08CPU\u3001\u5185\u5b58\u3001\u78c1\u76d8 I\/O\u3001\u7f51\u7edc\u7b49\uff09\u3002\u5728\u5bb9\u5668\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e2d\uff0cCgroups \u901a\u5e38\u7528\u6765\u9650\u5236\u5bb9\u5668\u7684 CPU \u548c\u5185\u5b58\u7b49\u8d44\u6e90\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n<h4 data-nodeid=\\\"688\\\">\u8054\u5408\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf<\/h4>\n<p data-nodeid=\\\"689\\\">\u8054\u5408\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u53c8\u53eb 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