{"id":2253,"date":"2020-07-31T21:47:42","date_gmt":"2020-07-31T13:47:42","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/39.97.231.10\/?p=2253"},"modified":"2020-07-31T21:47:42","modified_gmt":"2020-07-31T13:47:42","slug":"awk-%e8%bf%9b%e9%98%b6%e6%95%b0%e7%bb%84","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/www.weijing.co\/?p=2253","title":{"rendered":"AWK \u8fdb\u9636\u6570\u7ec4"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n

\u7b2c1\u7ae0 awk\u547d\u4ee4\u57fa\u7840<\/span><\/h1>\n<\/header>\n
\n
\n

1.1 awk\u547d\u4ee4\u6267\u884c\u8fc7\u7a0b<\/span><\/h2>\n
\n
1\u3001\u5982\u679cBEGIN \u533a\u5757\u5b58\u5728\uff0cawk\u6267\u884c\u5b83\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u52a8\u4f5c\u3002\n2\u3001awk\u4ece\u8f93\u5165\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u8bfb\u53d6\u4e00\u884c\uff0c\u79f0\u4e3a\u4e00\u6761\u8f93\u5165\u8bb0\u5f55\u3002\u5982\u679c\u8f93\u5165\u6587\u4ef6\u7701\u7565\uff0c\u5c06\u4ece\u6807\u51c6\u8f93\u5165\u8bfb\u53d6\n3\u3001awk\u5c06\u8bfb\u5165\u7684\u8bb0\u5f55\u5206\u5272\u6210\u5b57\u6bb5\uff0c\u5c06\u7b2c1\u4e2a\u5b57\u6bb5\u653e\u5165\u53d8\u91cf$1\u4e2d\uff0c\u7b2c2\u4e2a\u5b57\u6bb5\u653e\u5165$2\uff0c\u4ee5\u6b64\u7c7b\u63a8\u3002$0\u8868\u793a\u6574\u6761\u8bb0\u5f55\u3002\u5b57\u6bb5\u5206\u9694\u7b26\u4f7f\u7528shell\u73af\u5883\u53d8\u91cfFS\u6216\u7531\u53c2\u6570\u6307\u5b9a\u3002\n4\u3001\u628a\u5f53\u524d\u8f93\u5165\u8bb0\u5f55(\u6570\u636e\u884c)\u4f9d\u6b21\u4e0e\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2aawk\u547d\u4ee4\u4e2dawk\u6761\u4ef6\u6bd4\u8f83\uff0c\u770b\u662f\u5426\u5339\u914d\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u76f8\u5339\u914d\uff0c\u5c31\u6267\u884c\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u52a8\u4f5c\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4e0d\u5339\u914d\uff0c\u5c31\u8df3\u8fc7\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u52a8\u4f5c\uff0c\u76f4\u5230\u6bd4\u8f83\u5b8c\u6240\u6709\u7684awk\u547d\u4ee4\u3002\n5\u3001\u5f53\u4e00\u6761\u8f93\u5165\u8bb0\u5f55\u6bd4\u8f83\u4e86\u6240\u6709\u7684awk\u547d\u4ee4\u540e\uff0cawk\u8bfb\u53d6\u8f93\u5165\u7684\u4e0b\u4e00\u884c\uff0c\u7ee7\u7eed\u91cd\u590d\u6b65\u9aa43\u548c4\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e00\u76f4\u6301\u7eed\uff0c\u76f4\u5230awk\u8bfb\u53d6\u5230\u6587\u4ef6\u5c3e\u3002\n6\u3001\u5f53awk\u8bfb\u5b8c\u6240\u6709\u7684\u8f93\u5165\u884c\u540e\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u5b58\u5728END\uff0c\u5c31\u6267\u884c\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u52a8\u4f5c\u3002<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n
1.2 awk\u4e2d\u6a21\u5f0f\u4e0e\u52a8\u4f5c<\/span><\/h2>\n
\\’pattern{action}\\’<\/span><\/p>\n
1.2.1\u00a0\u5728awk\u773c\u4e2d\u7684\u884c\u4e0e\u5217<\/span><\/h3>\n
\n
field     \u5b57\u6bb5\uff0c\u5217\nrecord    \u8bb0\u5f55\uff0c\u884c<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n
1.3 awk\u9ed8\u8ba4\u6709\u4e00\u628a\u201c\u83dc\u5200\u201d<\/span><\/h2>\n
\u7a7a\u683c\u7cfb\u5217\u00a0\uff08\u5355\u72ec\u7684\u7a7a\u683c\uff0c\u8fde\u7eed\u7684\u7a7a\u683c\uff0ctab\u952e\uff09
\n-F \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u6307\u5b9a\u5206\u9694\u7b26
\n-vFS
\nFS \u00a0== field sep\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u6bcf\u4e00\u5217\u7684\u5206\u9694\u7b26
\nOFS\u00a0==output field sep\u00a0\u00a0\u8f93\u51fa\u6bcf\u4e00\u5217\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u5206\u9694\u7b26<\/p>\n
1.4 awk\u7684\u5185\u7f6e\u53d8\u91cf<\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u53d8\u91cf<\/strong><\/td>\n\u542b\u4e49<\/strong><\/td>\n\u82f1\u6587\u5168\u5199<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
FS\u00a0\u00a0<\/strong><\/td>\n\u00a0\u6bcf\u4e00\u5217\u7684\u5206\u9694\u7b26<\/td>\nfield sep<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
NF\u00a0\u00a0<\/strong><\/td>\n\u00a0\u6bcf\u4e00\u884c\u6709\u591a\u5c11\u5217<\/td>\nnumber\u00a0 of field<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
OFS\u00a0<\/strong><\/td>\n\u00a0\u8f93\u51fa\u6bcf\u4e00\u5217\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u5206\u9694\u7b26<\/td>\noutput field sep<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
NR\u00a0\u00a0<\/strong><\/td>\n\u00a0\u8bb0\u5f55\u53f7\u00a0\u884c\u53f7<\/td>\nnumber of record<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
RS\u00a0\u00a0<\/strong><\/td>\n\u00a0\u6bcf\u4e00\u884c\u7684\u5206\u9694\u7b26\uff08\u6bcf\u4e00\u884c\u7684\u7ed3\u675f\u6807\u8bb0\uff09<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
$<\/strong>\u6570\u5b57<\/strong><\/td>\n\u00a0\u53d6\u67d0\u4e00\u5217<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
$0\u00a0\u00a0<\/strong><\/td>\n\u00a0\u53d6\u51fa\u8fd9\u4e00\u884c<\/td>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n
1.4.1 $NF\u7684\u4f7f\u7528<\/span><\/h3>\n
$NF\u00a0\u8868\u793a\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u5217\uff0c(NF-1)\u8868\u793a\u5012\u6570\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5217\uff0c\u4ee5\u6b64\u7c7b\u63a8\u3002<\/p>\n
\n
[root@znix ~]# awk -F: \\'{print NF}\\' passwd.txt\n7\n7\n\u2026\u2026\n[root@znix ~]# awk -F: \\'{print $NF}\\' passwd.txt\n\/bin\/bash\n\/sbin\/nologin\n\/sbin\/nologin\n[root@znix ~]# awk -F: \\'{print $(NF-1)}\\' passwd.txt\n\/root\n\/bin\n\/sbin<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n
1.5\u00a0\u3010\u7ec3\u4e60\u9898\u3011awk\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528\u6b63\u5219\uff1f<\/span><\/h2>\n
1)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u663e\u793aXiaoyu\u7684\u59d3\u6c0f\u548cID\u53f7\u7801
\n2)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u663e\u793a\u6240\u6709ID\u53f7\u7801\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u4f4d\u6570\u5b57\u662f1\u62165\u7684\u4eba\u7684\u5168\u540d
\n3)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u59d3\u6c0f\u662fZhang\u7684\u4eba\uff0c\u663e\u793a\u4ed6\u7684\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b21\u6350\u6b3e\u91d1\u989d\u53ca\u5979\u7684\u540d\u5b57
\n4)\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u663e\u793aXiaoyu\u7684\u6350\u6b3e.\u6bcf\u4e2a\u503c\u65f6\u90fd\u6709\u4ee5$\u5f00\u5934.\u5982$520$200$135<\/p><\/blockquote>\n
1.5.1\u00a0\u73af\u5883\u51c6\u5907<\/span><\/h3>\n
\n
mkdir -p \/server\/files\/\ncat >>\/server\/files\/reg.txt<<EOF\nZhang Dandan    41117397   :250:100:175\nZhang Xiaoyu    390320151  :155:90:201\nMeng  Feixue    80042789   :250:60:50\nWu    Waiwai    70271111   :250:80:75\nLiu   Bingbing  41117483   :250:100:175\nWang  Xiaoai    3515064655 :50:95:135\nZi    Gege      1986787350 :250:168:200\nLi    Youjiu    918391635  :175:75:300\nLao   Nanhai    918391635  :250:100:175\nEOF<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n
1.5.1.1\u00a0\u5185\u5bb9\u91ca\u4e49\uff1a<\/span><\/h4>\n
\n\u7b2c\u4e00\u5217\u662f\u59d3\u6c0f
\n\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5217\u662f\u540d\u5b57
\n\u7b2c\u4e00\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5217\u5408\u8d77\u6765\u5c31\u662f\u59d3\u540d
\n\u7b2c\u4e09\u5217\u662f\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684ID\u53f7\u7801
\n\u6700\u540e\u4e09\u5217\u662f\u4e09\u6b21\u6350\u6b3e\u6570\u91cf\n<\/div>\n
1.5.2\u00a0\u663e\u793a\u51fa\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5217\u4e2d\u5305\u542bX\u00a0\u7684\u3002<\/span><\/h3>\n
$2~\u8868\u793a\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5217\u6240\u6709\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u3002\u00a0~\u8868\u793a\u6240\u6709
\n\u5728\u8fd9\u91ccX\u6bd4\u8f83\u7279\u6b8a\uff0c\u662f\u5927\u5199\u7684\uff0cawk\u4e2d\u533a\u5206\u5927\u5c0f\u5199\u3002<\/p>\n
\n
[root@znix files]# awk \\'$2~\/X\/\\' reg.txt\nZhang Xiaoyu    390320151  :155:90:201\nWang  Xiaoai    3515064655 :50:95:135<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n
1.5.3\u00a0\u663e\u793aXiaoyu\u7684\u59d3\u6c0f\u548cID\u53f7\u7801<\/span><\/h3>\n
\n
[root@znix files]# awk \\'$2~\/Xiaoyu\/{print $1,$3}\\' reg.txt\nZhang 390320151<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n
1.5.4\u00a0\u663e\u793a\u6240\u6709ID\u53f7\u7801\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u4f4d\u6570\u5b57\u662f1\u62165\u7684\u4eba\u7684\u5168\u540d<\/span><\/h3>\n
\n
[root@znix files]# awk \\'$3~\/(1|5)$\/{print $1,$2}\\' reg.txt\n[root@znix files]# awk \\'$3~\/[15]$\/{print $1,$2}\\' reg.txt\nZhang Xiaoyu\nWu Waiwai\nWang Xiaoai\nLi Youjiu\nLao Nanhai<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n
1.5.5\u00a0\u59d3\u6c0f\u662fZhang\u7684\u4eba\uff0c\u663e\u793a\u4ed6\u7684\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b21\u6350\u6b3e\u91d1\u989d\u53ca\u5979\u7684\u540d\u5b57<\/span><\/h3>\n
\u5148\u627e\u5230\uff0c\u518d\u8fdb\u884c\u8f93\u51fa\u3002(NF-1)\u00a0\u8868\u793a\u5012\u6570\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5217\u3002<\/p>\n
\n
[root@znix files]# awk -F \\\"[ :]+\\\" \\'$1~\/Zhang\/{print $2,$(NF-1)}\\' reg.txt\nDandan 100\nXiaoyu 90<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n
1.5.6\u00a0\u663e\u793aXiaoyu\u7684\u6350\u6b3e.\u6bcf\u4e2a\u503c\u65f6\u90fd\u6709\u4ee5$\u5f00\u5934.\u5982$520$200$135<\/span><\/h3>\n
tr\u00a0\u547d\u4ee4\u8fdb\u884c\u66ff\u6362\uff0c\u683c\u5f0f\u6bd4\u8f83\u7b80\u5355tr \u00a0\\”\u8981\u66ff\u6362\u4ec0\u4e48\\” \\”\u66ff\u6362\u6210\u4ec0\u4e48\\”<\/p>\n
\n
[root@znix files]# awk \\'$2~\/Xiaoyu\/{print $4}\\' reg.txt |tr \\\":\\\" \\\"$\\\"\n$155$90$201\n[root@znix files]# awk \\'$2~\/Xiaoyu\/{gsub(\/:\/,\\\"$\\\",$NF);print $NF}\\' reg.txt\n$155$90$201<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n
1.6 awk\u4e2d\u7684$0\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\u9b3c\uff1f<\/span><\/h2>\n
$0\u8868\u793a\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u6574\u6761\u8bb0\u5f55\uff08\u884c\uff09\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u52a0$0\u00a0\u4e0e\u4e0d\u52a0$0\u00a0\u76f8\u540c\u3002<\/p>\n
\n
[root@znix files]# awk \\'\/Zhang\/\\' reg.txt\nZhang Dandan    41117397   :250:100:175\nZhang Xiaoyu    390320151  :155:90:201\n[root@znix files]# awk \\'$0~\/Zhang\/\\' reg.txt\nZhang Dandan    41117397   :250:100:175\nZhang Xiaoyu    390320151  :155:90:201<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n
1.7 awk\u4e2d\u7684\u66ff\u6362<\/span><\/h2>\n
\u5728awk\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u6765\u66ff\u6362\u7684\u6709\u4e09\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\uff1asub\u00a0gsub gensub<\/p>\n
<\/a>1.7.1\u00a0\u4f7f\u7528gusb\u00a0\u51fd\u6570\u8fdb\u884c\u66ff\u6362<\/span><\/h3>\n
gsub(r, s [, t])<\/p>\n
\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0r\u00a0 \/\u627e\u8c01\/
\ns \u00a0\\”\u66ff\u6362\u6210\u4ec0\u4e48\\”
\n[]\u00a0\u66ff\u6362\u90a3\u4e2a\u90e8\u5206\u7684
\n\u8868\u793a\u4e3a\uff1a\u00a0gsub(\/\u627e\u8c01\/,\\”\u66ff\u6362\u6210\u4ec0\u4e48\\”,\u66ff\u6362\u90a3\u4e2a\u90e8\u5206\u7684)<\/p><\/blockquote>\n
1.7.2\u00a0\u66ff\u6362\u6587\u672c\u4e2d\u7684\u5185\u5bb9<\/span><\/h3>\n
\u9898\u76ee\uff1a\u663e\u793aXiaoyu\u7684\u6350\u6b3e.\u6bcf\u4e2a\u503c\u65f6\u90fd\u6709\u4ee5$\u5f00\u5934.\u5982$520$200$135
\n\u4e2d\u95f4\u4f7f\u7528\u5206\u53f7\u5206\u5272\u00a0;<\/p>\n
\n
[root@znix files]# awk \\'{gsub(\/:\/,\\\"$\\\",$NF);print $0}\\' reg.txt\nZhang Dandan 41117397 $250$100$175\nZhang Xiaoyu 390320151 $155$90$201\nMeng Feixue 80042789 $250$60$50\nWu Waiwai 70271111 $250$80$75\nLiu Bingbing 41117483 $250$100$175\nWang Xiaoai 3515064655 $50$95$135\nZi Gege 1986787350 $250$168$200\nLi Youjiu 918391635 $175$75$300\nLao Nanhai 918391635 $250$100$175<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n
\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e0a\u9650\u5b9a\u6761\u4ef6\u540e\uff0c\u53d6\u5230\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u4f1a\u66f4\u52a0\u7684\u7cbe\u786e\u3002<\/p>\n
\n
[root@znix files]# awk \\'$2~\/Xiaoyu\/{gsub(\/:\/,\\\"$\\\",$NF);print $NF}\\' reg.txt\n$155$90$201<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n
1.8\u00a0\u3010\u7ec3\u4e60\u9898\u3011\u5224\u65ad\u5f53\u524d\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0a\u6240\u6709\u7528\u6237\u7684shell\u662f\u5426\u4e3a\u53ef\u767b\u5f55shell\uff08\u5373\u7528\u6237\u7684shell\u4e0d\u662f\/sbin\/nologin\uff09,\u5982\u679c\u662f\u663e\u793a\u7528\u6237\u540d\u5b57<\/span><\/h2>\n
\u4e0d\u5305\u542b\uff1a\uff01<\/strong>\uff0c\u5728awk<\/strong>\u4e2d\u4e0d\u5305\u542b\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528<\/strong>\uff01\u00a0<\/strong>\u8868\u793a\u3002<\/strong>
\n$NF\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u8868\u793a\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u5217
\n-F\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u5c06\u5206\u9694\u7b26\u6307\u5b9a\u4e3a\uff1a<\/p>\n
\n
[root@znix ~]# awk -F: \\'$NF!~\/nologin$\/{print $1}\\' \/etc\/passwd\nroot\nsync\nshutdown\nhalt\nclsn\noldgirl\ntest\nstu01\nstu02\nstu03\nznix<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n
1.8.1\u00a0\u3010\u5bf9\u9f50\u3011\u8f93\u51fa\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u66f4\u7f8e\u89c2\u6574\u9f50–column\u547d\u4ee4<\/span><\/h3>\n
-t\u00a0 -t\u53c2\u6570\u8ba9\u4ed6\u5bf9\u9f50\u3002<\/p>\n
\n
[root@znix files]# awk \\'BEGIN{print \\\"\u59d3\\\",\\\"\u540d\\\"}{print $1,$2}\\' reg.txt |column -t\n\u59d3     \u540d\nZhang  Dandan\nZhang  Xiaoyu\nMeng   Feixue\nWu     Waiwai\nLiu    Bingbing\nWang   Xiaoai\nZi     Gege\nLi     Youjiu\nLao    Nanhai<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n
\u7b2c2\u7ae0 awk\u4e2dBEGIN\u00a0\u548c\u00a0END<\/span><\/h1>\n
2.1\u00a0\u600e\u4e48\u628a\u6b63\u5219\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6761\u4ef6<\/span><\/h2>\n
BEGIN\uff1a\u5f00\u59cb
\n\u91cc\u9762\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u4f1a\u5728awk\u8bfb\u53d6\u6587\u4ef6\u4e4b\u524d\u8fd0\u884c
\n\u5728BEGIN\u91cc\u9762\u5b9a\u4e49awk\u7684\u5185\u7f6e\u53d8\u91cf
\nEND
\nEND{}\u00a0\u91cc\u9762\u653e\u5165\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u5728\u8bfb\u53d6\u5b8c\u6587\u4ef6\u5185\u5bb9\u540e\u6267\u884c
\n\u5148\u8ba1\u7b97\uff0c\u5728END\u91cc\u9762\u8f93\u51fa\u7ed3\u679c
\n\u5148\u8ba1\u7b97\u518d\u8f93\u51fa<\/p>\n
2.1.1\u00a0\u3010\u4e00\u4e2a\u6817\u5b50\u3011\u6267\u884c\u5b8c\u8f93\u51fa\u540e\uff0c\u518d\u8f93\u51fa\u4e00\u4e2a\u201c\u7ed3\u675f\u201d<\/span><\/h3>\n
\n
[root@znix files]# awk \\'{print $0}END{print \\\"\u7ed3\u675f\\\"}\\' reg.txt\nZhang Dandan    41117397   :250:100:175\nZhang Xiaoyu    390320151  :155:90:201\nMeng  Feixue    80042789   :250:60:50\nWu    Waiwai    70271111   :250:80:75\nLiu   Bingbing  41117483   :250:100:175\nWang  Xiaoai    3515064655 :50:95:135\nZi    Gege      1986787350 :250:168:200\nLi    Youjiu    918391635  :175:75:300\nLao   Nanhai    918391635  :250:100:175\n\u7ed3\u675f<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n
2.2\u00a0\u3010\u4f01\u4e1a\u6848\u4f8b\u3011\u7edf\u8ba1\/etc\/services\u6587\u4ef6\u91cc\u9762\u7684\u7a7a\u884c\u6570\u91cf<\/span><\/h2>\n
2.2.1\u00a0\u4f7f\u7528awk\u7684END\u6a21\u5f0f<\/span><\/h3>\n
\u524d\u9762\u7684i++\u5148\u8fdb\u884c\u8ba1\u7b97\uff0c\u518d\u8f93\u51fa\u7ed3\u679c\u3002
\ni=i+1\u00a0\u4e0ei++\u00a0\u76f8\u540c\u3002<\/p>\n
\n
[root@znix ~]# awk \\'\/^$\/{i=i+1}END{print i}\\' \/etc\/services\n16\n[root@znix ~]# awk \\'\/^$\/{i++}END{print i}\\' \/etc\/services\n16<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n
2.2.2\u00a0\u67e5\u770bi++\u7684\u6267\u884c\u8fc7\u7a0b<\/span><\/h3>\n
i++\u4e0ei=i+1\u76f8\u540c\u3002
\ni=i+$0\u00a0\u00a0\u7d2f\u8ba1\u76f8\u52a0\u00a0\u8ba1\u7b97\u603b\u548c
\ni=i+1\u00a0 i++\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u8ba1\u6570<\/p>\n
\n
[root@znix ~]# awk \\'\/^$\/{i++;print i}\\' \/etc\/services\n1\n2\n3\n4\n5\n6\n7\n8\n9\n10\n11\n12\n13\n14\n15\n16<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n
2.2.3\u00a0\u5176\u4ed6\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1a<\/span><\/h3>\n
uniq -c\u00a0\u00a0uniq\u00a0\u547d\u4ee4\u628a\u76f8\u90bb\u4e24\u884c\u4e00\u6837\u7684\u5408\u5e76\uff0c-c\u4e3a\u7edf\u8ba1\u51fa\u73b0\u7684\u6b21\u6570<\/p>\n
\n
[root@znix ~]# awk \\'\/^$\/\\' \/etc\/services|uniq -c\n   16\n[root@znix ~]# awk \\'\/^$\/\\' \/etc\/services|wc -l\n16<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n
2.3\u00a0\u3010\u6848\u4f8b\u3011seq 100 >num.txt\u00a0\uff0c\u8ba1\u7b97\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u6bcf\u4e00\u884c\u76f8\u52a0\u7684\u7ed3\u679c<\/span><\/h2>\n
i=i+$0\u00a0\u00a0\u7d2f\u8ba1\u76f8\u52a0\u00a0\u8ba1\u7b97\u603b\u548c
\ni=i+1\u00a0 i++\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u8ba1\u6570
\n\u6ca1\u6709\u8d4b\u521d\u59cb\u503c\u7684\u65f6\u5019
\ni++\u00a0\u5148\u8fd4\u56de0,\u518d\u52a01,\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b21\u8c03\u7528\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u5148\u8fd4\u56de1,\u518d\u52a01,\u4ee5\u6b64\u7c7b\u63a8<\/p>\n
\n
[root@znix ~]# awk \\'{i=i+$0}END{print i}\\' num.txt\n5050<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n
\u7b2c3\u7ae0 awk\u6570\u7ec4<\/span><\/h1>\n
3.1\u00a0\u6570\u7ec4\u662f\u7528\u6765\u505a\u4ec0\u4e48\u7684\uff1f<\/span><\/h2>\n
\u5206\u7c7b\u8ba1\u7b97\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u7edf\u8ba1\u3002<\/p>\n
3.1.1\u00a0\u4ed6\u80fd\u591f\u5e72\u4e9b\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f<\/span><\/h3>\n
\u7edf\u8ba1\u65e5\u5fd7\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u00a0\u56fe\u7247.jpg\u00a0\u51fa\u73b0\u4e86\u591a\u5c11\u6b21
\n\u7edf\u8ba1\u65e5\u5fd7\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u00a0\u56fe\u7247.png\u00a0\u51fa\u73b0\u4e86\u591a\u5c11\u6b21
\n\u7edf\u8ba1\u66f4\u7d2f\u7684\u4fe1\u606f<\/p>\n
3.2\u00a0\u6570\u7ec4\u8be6\u89e3—\\”\u9152\u5e97\\”<\/span><\/h2>\n
\u5047\u8bbe\u6211\u4eec\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u9152\u5e97<\/p>\n
\n
\u9152\u5e97<===>hotel\n\u9152\u5e97\u91cc\u9762\u6709\u51e0\u4e2a\u623f\u95f4110,119,120,114,401\u8fd9\u51e0\u4e2a\u623f\u95f4\u3002\n\u9152\u5e97\u7684110\u623f\u95f4<===> hotel[110]\n\u9152\u5e97\u7684119\u623f\u95f4<===> hotel[119]\n\u9152\u5e97\u7684120\u623f\u95f4<===> hotel[121]<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n
\u9152\u5e97\u623f\u95f4\u91cc\u9762\u5165\u4f4f\u5ba2\u4eba<\/p>\n
3.2.1\u00a0\u5982\u4f55\u67e5\u770b\u623f\u95f4\u91cc\u4f4f\u7684\u662f\u54ea\u4f4d\u5ba2\u4eba\uff1f<\/span><\/h3>\n
\n
[root@znix files]# awk \\'BEGIN{hotel[110]=\\\"lidao\\\" ;hotel[119]=\\\"tanjiaoshou\\\";hotel[121]=\\\"taojin\\\";print hotel[110],hotel[121],hotel[119]}\\'\nlidao taojin tanjiaoshou<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n
3.2.2\u00a0\u4f7f\u7528for\u8bed\u53e5\uff0c\u5bf9\u9152\u5e97\u8fdb\u884c\u5faa\u73af\/\u67e5\u623f<\/span><\/h3>\n
\n
awk \\'BEGIN{hotel[110]=\\\"lidao\\\" ;hotel[119]=\\\"tanjiaoshou\\\";hotel[121]=\\\"taojin\\\";\nfor(pol in hotel)\nprint pol,hotel[pol]\n}\\'<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n
\u683c\u5f0f\uff1a
\nfor(\u53d8\u91cf\u00a0in\u00a0\u6570\u7ec4)\u00a0\u00a0\u4f7f\u7528\u53d8\u91cf\u5bf9\u9152\u5e97\u8fdb\u884c\u5faa\u73af\/\u67e5\u623f
\nprint pol,hotel[pol]\u00a0\uff1a
\npol \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u5f97\u5230-\u623f\u95f4\u7684\u53f7\u7801
\nhotel[pol]\u00a0\u54ea\u4e2a\u9152\u5e97\u7684\u54ea\u4e2a\u623f\u95f4<\/p>\n
\n
[root@znix files]# awk \\'BEGIN{hotel[110]=\\\"lidao\\\" ;hotel[119]=\\\"tanjiaoshou\\\";hotel[121]=\\\"taojin\\\"\n> for(pol in hotel)\n> print pol,hotel[pol]\n> }\\'\n110 lidao\n121 taojin\n119 tanjiaoshou<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n
3.3\u00a0\u3010\u4f01\u4e1a\u9762\u8bd5\u9898\u3011\u7edf\u8ba1\u57df\u540d\u8bbf\u95ee\u6b21\u6570\uff08\u53bb\u91cd\u7edf\u8ba1\uff09\u3002\u5904\u7406\u4ee5\u4e0b\u6587\u4ef6\u5185\u5bb9,\u5c06\u57df\u540d\u53d6\u51fa\u5e76\u6839\u636e\u57df\u540d\u8fdb\u884c\u8ba1\u6570\u6392\u5e8f\u5904\u7406\\\":(\\\"\u767e\u5ea6\u548csohu\u9762\u8bd5\u9898)<\/span><\/h2>\n
\n
http:\/\/www.nmtui.com\/index.html\nhttp:\/\/www.nmtui.com\/1.html\nhttp:\/\/post.nmtui.com\/index.html\nhttp:\/\/mp3.nmtui.com\/index.html\nhttp:\/\/www.nmtui.com\/3.html\nhttp:\/\/post.nmtui.com\/2.html<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n
3.3.1\u00a0\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e00\uff1asort uniq<\/span><\/h3>\n
uniq\u00a0\u547d\u4ee4\u00a0\u628a\u76f8\u90bb\u4e24\u884c\u4e00\u6837\u7684\u5408\u5e76<\/p>\n
\n
[root@znix ~]# awk -F \\'[\/]+\\' \\'{print $2}\\' www.txt |uniq -c\n      2 www.nmtui.com\n      1 post.nmtui.com\n      1 mp3.nmtui.com\n      1 www.nmtui.com<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n
sort\u00a0\u6392\u5e8f\uff0c\u9ed8\u8ba4\u662f\u6309\u7167\u5b57\u6bcd\u7684\u987a\u5e8f<\/p>\n
\n
[root@znix ~]# awk -F \\'[\/]+\\' \\'{print $2}\\' www.txt |sort\nmp3.nmtui.com\npost.nmtui.com\nwww.nmtui.com\nwww.nmtui.com\nwww.nmtui.com<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n
3.3.2\u00a0\u65b9\u6cd52 awk\u6570\u7ec4<\/span><\/h3>\n
3.3.2.1\u00a0\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b65\u00a0\u53d6\u51fa\u57df\u540d<\/span><\/h4>\n
\n
[root@znix ~]# awk -F \\'[\/]+\\' \\'{print $2}\\' www.txt\nwww.nmtui.com\nwww.nmtui.com\npost.nmtui.com\nmp3.nmtui.com\nwww.nmtui.com<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n
3.3.2.2\u00a0\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b65\u00a0\u663e\u793a<\/span><\/h4>\n
;\u00a0\u4e24\u6761\u547d\u4ee4\u4e4b\u95f4\u7528\u5206\u53f7\u5206\u5272\u3002<\/p>\n
\n
[root@znix ~]# awk -F \\'\/+\\' \\'{hotel[$2]++;print hotel[\\\"www.nmtui.com\\\"]}\\' www.txt\n1\n2\n2\n2\n3<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n
3.3.2.3\u00a0\u7b2c\u4e09\u6b65\u00a0\u663e\u793a\u7ed3\u679c<\/span><\/h4>\n
\n
[root@znix ~]# awk -F \\'\/+\\' \\'{hotel[$2]++}END{for(pol in hotel)print pol,hotel[pol]}\\' www.txt\nmp3.nmtui.com 1\npost.nmtui.com 1\nwww.nmtui.com 3<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n
\u7b2c4\u7ae0\u00a0\u8bfe\u540e\u9898\u76ee\uff1a<\/span><\/h1>\n
\u4e24\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u00a0 secure.zip \u00a0access.zip<\/p>\n
4.1\u00a0\u7edf\u8ba1secure\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u8c01\u5728\u7834\u89e3\u4f60\u7684\u5bc6\u7801\uff08\u7edf\u8ba1\u51fa\u7834\u89e3\u4f60\u5bc6\u7801\u7684ip\u5730\u5740\u51fa\u73b0\u7684\u6b21\u6570\uff09<\/span><\/h2>\n
4.1.1\u00a0\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e00<\/span><\/h3>\n
\n
[root@znix test]# awk \\'\/Failed\/{fa[$(NF-3)]++}END{for(pol in fa)print pol,fa[pol]}\\' secure-20161219|column -t\n218.65.30.126    17163\n218.65.30.61     17163\n125.16.71.175    4\n169.46.38.74     9\n183.136.238.78   30\n218.2.0.16       10\n122.228.238.66   1\n\u2026\u2026<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n
4.1.2\u00a0\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e8c<\/span><\/h3>\n
\n
[root@znix test]# awk \\'\/Failed\/{print $(NF-3)}\\' secure-20161219 |sort|uniq -c|sort -n<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n
4.1.3\u00a0\u7ed3\u679c\u7edf\u8ba1<\/span><\/h3>\n
\n
[root@znix test]# awk \\'\/Failed\/{fa[$(NF-3)]++}END{for(pol in fa)print pol,fa[pol]}\\' secure-20161219|column -t|wc -l\n88<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n
4.2\u00a0\u7edf\u8ba1access.log\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u5bf9ip\u5730\u5740\u53bb\u91cd\u5e76\u7edf\u8ba1\u91cd\u590d\u6570<\/span><\/h2>\n
\n
[root@znix test]# awk \\'{hotel[$1]++}END{for(pol in hotel)print pol,hotel[pol]}\\' access.log |head -3\n101.226.125.115 284\n180.154.137.177 516\n101.226.125.116 127<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n
4.3\u00a0\u7edf\u8ba1access.log\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u7f51\u7ad9\u4e00\u5171\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86\u591a\u5c11\u6d41\u91cf<\/span><\/h2>\n
\n
[root@znix test]# awk \\'{i=i+$10}END{print i}\\' access.log\n2478496663<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
\u7b2c1\u7ae0 awk\u547d\u4ee4\u57fa\u7840 1.1 awk\u547d\u4ee4\u6267\u884c\u8fc7\u7a0b 1\u3001\u5982\u679cBEGIN \u533a\u5757\u5b58\u5728\uff0cawk\u6267\u884c\u5b83\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u52a8\u4f5c\u3002 2 …<\/p>\n
  AWK \u8fdb\u9636\u6570\u7ec4<\/span> \u67e5\u770b\u5168\u6587 »<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"default","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"default","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":""},"categories":[102,124],"tags":[],"uagb_featured_image_src":{"full":false,"thumbnail":false,"medium":false,"medium_large":false,"large":false,"1536x1536":false,"2048x2048":false,"mailpoet_newsletter_max":false,"woocommerce_thumbnail":false,"woocommerce_single":false,"woocommerce_gallery_thumbnail":false,"shop_catalog":false,"shop_single":false,"shop_thumbnail":false},"uagb_author_info":{"display_name":"weijing","author_link":"http:\/\/www.weijing.co\/?author=4"},"uagb_comment_info":0,"uagb_excerpt":"\u7b2c1\u7ae0 awk\u547d\u4ee4\u57fa\u7840 1.1 awk\u547d\u4ee4\u6267\u884c\u8fc7\u7a0b 1\u3001\u5982\u679cBEGIN \u533a\u5757\u5b58\u5728\uff0cawk\u6267\u884c\u5b83\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u52a8\u4f5c\u3002 2…","_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.weijing.co\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2253"}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.weijing.co\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.weijing.co\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.weijing.co\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.weijing.co\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=2253"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"http:\/\/www.weijing.co\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2253\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.weijing.co\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=2253"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.weijing.co\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=2253"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.weijing.co\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=2253"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}