{"id":1864,"date":"2020-07-01T06:50:42","date_gmt":"2020-06-30T22:50:42","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/39.97.231.10\/?p=1864"},"modified":"2020-07-01T06:50:42","modified_gmt":"2020-06-30T22:50:42","slug":"prometheus-promql%e8%af%b4%e6%98%8e","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/www.weijing.co\/?p=1864","title":{"rendered":"Prometheus PromQL\u8bf4\u660e"},"content":{"rendered":"<div>\n<div id=\\\"cnblogs_post_body\\\">\n<h2>PromQL\u64cd\u4f5c\u7b26<\/h2>\n<h3>\u4e00\u3001\u4e8c\u5143\u64cd\u4f5c\u7b26<\/h3>\n<p>Prometheus\u7684\u67e5\u8be2\u8bed\u8a00\u652f\u6301\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u903b\u8f91\u8fd0\u7b97\u548c\u7b97\u672f\u8fd0\u7b97\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4e24\u4e2a\u77ac\u65f6\u5411\u91cf,\u00a0<a href=\\\"https:\/\/prometheus.io\/docs\/prometheus\/latest\/querying\/operators\/#vector-matching\\\" target=\\\"_blank\\\" rel=\\\"noopener noreferrer\\\">\u5339\u914d\u884c\u4e3a<\/a>\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u6539\u53d8\u3002<\/p>\n<div>\n<h3>1.1 \u7b97\u672f\u4e8c\u5143\u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26<\/h3>\n<p>\u5728Prometheus\u652f\u6301\u4e0b\u9762\u7684\u4e8c\u5143\u7b97\u672f\u64cd\u4f5c\u7b26\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>+\u00a0\u52a0\u6cd5<\/li>\n<li>&#8211;\u00a0\u51cf\u6cd5<\/li>\n<li>*\u00a0\u4e58\u6cd5<\/li>\n<li>\/\u00a0\u9664\u6cd5<\/li>\n<li>%\u00a0\u6a21<\/li>\n<li>^\u00a0\u5e42\u7b49<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u4e8c\u5143\u8fd0\u7b97\u64cd\u4f5c\u7b26\u5b9a\u4e49\u5728scalar\/scalar(\u6807\u91cf\/\u6807\u91cf)\u3001vector\/scalar(\u5411\u91cf\/\u6807\u91cf)\u3001\u548cvector\/vector(\u5411\u91cf\/\u5411\u91cf)\u4e4b\u95f4\u3002<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u5728\u4e24\u4e2a\u6807\u91cf\u4e4b\u95f4\uff1a\u8bc4\u4f30\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u6807\u91cf\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26\u5e94\u7528\u4e8e\u4e24\u4e2a\u6807\u91cf\u64cd\u4f5c\u6570\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u5728\u77ac\u65f6\u5411\u91cf\u548c\u6807\u91cf\u4e4b\u95f4\uff1a\u5c06\u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26\u5e94\u7528\u4e8e\u5411\u91cf\u4e2d\u7684\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6570\u636e\u6837\u672c\u7684\u503c\u3002 \u5982\u679c\u65f6\u95f4\u5e8f\u5217\u5373\u65f6\u5411\u91cf\u4e58\u4ee52\uff0c\u5219\u7ed3\u679c\u662f\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u5411\u91cf\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u539f\u59cb\u5411\u91cf\u7684\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6837\u672c\u503c\u4e58\u4ee52\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u5728\u4e24\u4e2a\u77ac\u65f6\u5411\u91cf\u4e4b\u95f4\uff1a\u5e94\u7528\u4e8e\u5de6\u4fa7\u5411\u91cf\u4e2d\u7684\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6761\u76ee\u53ca\u5176\u53f3\u4fa7\u5411\u91cf\u4e2d\u7684<a href=\\\"https:\/\/prometheus.io\/docs\/prometheus\/latest\/querying\/operators\/#vector-matching\\\" target=\\\"_blank\\\" rel=\\\"noopener noreferrer\\\">\u5339\u914d\u5143\u7d20<\/a>\u3002 \u7ed3\u679c\u5c06\u4f20\u64ad\u5230\u7ed3\u679c\u5411\u91cf\u4e2d\u3002 \u53f3\u4fa7\u5411\u91cf\u4e2d\uff08\u6ca1\u6709\u5339\u914d\u6761\u76ee\uff09\u4e0d\u662f\u7ed3\u679c\u7684\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div>\n<h3>1.2 \u6bd4\u8f83\u4e8c\u5143\u64cd\u4f5c\u7b26<\/h3>\n<p>\u5728Prometheus\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\uff0c\u6bd4\u8f83\u4e8c\u5143\u64cd\u4f5c\u7b26\u6709\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>==\u00a0\u7b49\u4e8e<\/li>\n<li>!=\u00a0\u4e0d\u7b49\u4e8e<\/li>\n<li>&gt;\u00a0\u5927\u4e8e<\/li>\n<li>&lt;\u00a0\u5c0f\u4e8e<\/li>\n<li>&gt;=\u00a0\u5927\u4e8e\u7b49\u4e8e<\/li>\n<li>&lt;=\u00a0\u5c0f\u4e8e\u7b49\u4e8e<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u6bd4\u8f83\u4e8c\u5143\u64cd\u4f5c\u7b26\u5b9a\u4e49\u5728scalar\/scalar\uff08\u6807\u91cf\/\u6807\u91cf\uff09\u3001vector\/scalar(\u5411\u91cf\/\u6807\u91cf)\uff0c\u548cvector\/vector\uff08\u5411\u91cf\/\u5411\u91cf\uff09\u3002\u9ed8\u8ba4\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u8fc7\u6ee4\u3002 \u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u5728\u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26\u4e4b\u540e\u63d0\u4f9bbool\u6765\u4fee\u6539\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\uff0c\u8fd9\u5c06\u4e3a\u503c\u8fd4\u56de0\u62161\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u8fc7\u6ee4\u3002<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u5728\u4e24\u4e2a\u6807\u91cf\u4e4b\u95f4\uff1a\u5fc5\u987b\u63d0\u4f9bbool\u4fee\u9970\u7b26\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26\u4f1a\u4ea7\u751f\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u6807\u91cf\uff0c\u53730\uff08\u5047\uff09\u62161\uff08\u771f\uff09\uff0c\u5177\u4f53\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u6bd4\u8f83\u7ed3\u679c\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u5728\u77ac\u65f6\u5411\u91cf\u548c\u6807\u91cf\u4e4b\u95f4\uff1a\u5c06\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26\u5e94\u7528\u4e8e\u5411\u91cf\u4e2d\u7684\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6570\u636e\u6837\u672c\u7684\u503c\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u4ece\u7ed3\u679c\u5411\u91cf\u4e2d\u5220\u9664\u6bd4\u8f83\u7ed3\u679c\u4e3a\u5047\u7684\u5411\u91cf\u5143\u7d20\u3002 \u5982\u679c\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86bool\u4fee\u9970\u7b26\uff0c\u5219\u5c06\u88ab\u5220\u9664\u7684\u5411\u91cf\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u503c\u4e3a0\uff0c\u800c\u5c06\u4fdd\u7559\u7684\u5411\u91cf\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u503c\u4e3a1\u3002<\/li>\n<li>\u5728\u4e24\u4e2a\u77ac\u65f6\u5411\u91cf\u4e4b\u95f4\uff1a\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26\u9ed8\u8ba4\u8868\u73b0\u4e3a\u8fc7\u6ee4\u5668\uff0c\u5e94\u7528\u4e8e\u5339\u914d\u6761\u76ee\u3002 \u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u4e0d\u6b63\u786e\u6216\u5728\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u7684\u53e6\u4e00\u4fa7\u627e\u4e0d\u5230\u5339\u914d\u9879\u7684\u5411\u91cf\u5143\u7d20\u5c06\u4ece\u7ed3\u679c\u4e2d\u5220\u9664\uff0c\u800c\u5176\u4ed6\u5143\u7d20\u5c06\u4f20\u64ad\u5230\u5177\u6709\u5176\u539f\u59cb\uff08\u5de6\u4fa7\uff09\u5ea6\u91cf\u6807\u51c6\u540d\u79f0\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u5411\u91cf\u4e2d \u6807\u7b7e\u503c\u3002 \u5982\u679c\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86bool\u4fee\u9970\u7b26\uff0c\u5219\u5df2\u7ecf\u5220\u9664\u7684\u5411\u91cf\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u503c\u4e3a0\uff0c\u800c\u4fdd\u7559\u7684\u5411\u91cf\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u503c\u4e3a1\uff0c\u5de6\u4fa7\u6807\u7b7e\u503c\u4e3a1\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n<div>\n<pre>3 &gt; 2\n# \u62a5\u9519 \\\"comparisons between scalars must use BOOL modifier\\\"\n3 &gt; bool 2\n# \u8fd4\u56de scalar 1\n1 &gt; bool 2<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<h3>1.3 \u903b\u8f91\/\u96c6\u5408\u4e8c\u5143\u64cd\u4f5c\u7b26<\/h3>\n<p>\u903b\u8f91\/\u96c6\u5408\u4e8c\u5143\u64cd\u4f5c\u7b26\u53ea\u80fd\u4f5c\u7528\u5728\u5373\u65f6\u5411\u91cf\uff0c \u5305\u62ec\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>and\u00a0\u4ea4\u96c6<\/li>\n<li>or\u00a0\u5e76\u96c6<\/li>\n<li>unless\u00a0\u8865\u96c6<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div>\nvector1 and vector2:\u00a0\u5f97\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u7531vector1\u5143\u7d20\u7ec4\u6210\u7684\u5411\u91cf\uff0c\u5176\u4e2dvector2\u4e2d\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u5177\u6709\u5b8c\u5168\u5339\u914d\u7684\u6807\u7b7e\u96c6\uff0c\u5176\u4ed6\u5143\u7d20\u88ab\u5220\u9664\u3002<br \/>\nvector1 or vector2\uff1a\u5f97\u5230\u5305\u542bvector1\u7684\u6240\u6709\u539f\u59cb\u5143\u7d20\uff08\u6807\u7b7e\u96c6+\u503c\uff09\u7684\u5411\u91cf\u4ee5\u53cavector2\u4e2dvector1\u4e2d\u6ca1\u6709\u5339\u914d\u6807\u7b7e\u96c6\u7684\u6240\u6709\u5143\u7d20\u3002<br \/>\nvector1 unless vector2\uff1a\u5f97\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u7531vector1\u5143\u7d20\u7ec4\u6210\u7684\u5411\u91cf\uff0c\u5176\u4e2dvector2\u4e2d\u6ca1\u6709\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u5177\u6709\u5b8c\u5168\u5339\u914d\u7684\u6807\u7b7e\u96c6\u3002 \u4e24\u4e2a\u5411\u91cf\u4e2d\u7684\u6240\u6709\u5339\u914d\u5143\u7d20\u90fd\u88ab\u5220\u9664\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>\u4e8c\u3001\u5411\u91cf\u5339\u914d<\/h3>\n<p>\u5411\u91cf\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u5c1d\u8bd5\u5728\u5de6\u4fa7\u7684\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6761\u76ee\u7684\u53f3\u4fa7\u5411\u91cf\u4e2d\u627e\u5230\u5339\u914d\u5143\u7d20\u3002 \u5339\u914d\u884c\u4e3a\u6709\u4e24\u79cd\u57fa\u672c\u7c7b\u578b\uff1a\u4e00\u5bf9\u4e00\u548c\u591a\u5bf9\u4e00\/\u4e00\u5bf9\u591a\u3002<\/p>\n<div>\n<div>\u4e00\u5bf9\u4e00\u4ece\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u6bcf\u4e00\u4fa7\u627e\u5230\u4e00\u5bf9\u552f\u4e00\u6761\u76ee\u3002 \u5728\u9ed8\u8ba4\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u683c\u5f0f\u4e3avector1&lt;operator&gt;vector2\u4e4b\u540e\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002 \u5982\u679c\u4e24\u4e2a\u6761\u76ee\u5177\u6709\u5b8c\u5168\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u6807\u7b7e\u96c6\u548c\u76f8\u5e94\u7684\u503c\uff0c\u5219\u5b83\u4eec\u5339\u914d\u3002 \u5ffd\u7565\u5173\u952e\u5b57\u5141\u8bb8\u5728\u5339\u914d\u65f6\u5ffd\u7565\u67d0\u4e9b\u6807\u7b7e\uff0c\u800con\u5173\u952e\u5b57\u5141\u8bb8\u5c06\u6240\u8003\u8651\u7684\u6807\u7b7e\u96c6\u51cf\u5c11\u5230\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u5217\u8868\uff1a<\/div>\n<div>\n<pre>[vector expr] [bin-op] ignoring([label list]) [vector expr]\n[vector expr] [bin-op] on([lable list]) [vector expr]<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<p>\u4f8b\u5982\u6837\u672c\u6570\u636e\uff1a<\/p>\n<div>\n<pre> method_code:http_errors:rate5m{method=\\\"get\\\", code=\\\"500\\\"} 24\n method_code:http_errors:rate5m{method=\\\"get\\\", code=\\\"404\\\"} 30\n method_code:http_errors:rate5m{method=\\\"put\\\", code=\\\"501\\\"} 3\n method_code:http_errors:rate5m{method=\\\"post\\\", code=\\\"404\\\"} 21\n method:http_requests:rate5m{method=\\\"get\\\"} 600\n method:http_requests:rate5m{method=\\\"delete\\\"} 34\n method:http_requests:rate5m{method=\\\"post\\\"} 120<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<p>\u67e5\u8be2\u4f8b\u5b50\uff1a<\/p>\n<div>\n<pre>method_code:http_errors:rate5m{code=\\\"500\\\"} \/ ignoring(code) method:http_requests:rate5m<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<div>\u8fd9\u5c06\u8fd4\u56de\u4e00\u4e2a\u7ed3\u679c\u5411\u91cf\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u5305\u542b\u6bcf\u4e2a\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u4ee3\u7801\u4e3a500\u7684HTTP\u8bf7\u6c42\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u5728\u8fc7\u53bb\u76845\u5206\u949f\u5185\u8fdb\u884c\u6d4b\u91cf\u3002 \u6ca1\u6709ignoring(code)\u5c31\u6ca1\u6709\u5339\u914d\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5ea6\u91cf\u6807\u51c6\u4e0d\u5171\u4eab\u540c\u4e00\u7ec4\u6807\u7b7e\u3002 \u65b9\u6cd5put\u548cdel\u7684\u6761\u76ee\u6ca1\u6709\u5339\u914d\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u4e0d\u4f1a\u663e\u793a\u5728\u7ed3\u679c\u4e2d\uff1a<\/div>\n<div>\n<pre>{method=\\\"get\\\"} 0.04 \/\/ 24 \/ 600\n{method=\\\"post\\\"} 0.05 \/\/ 6 \/ 120<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<div>\n<h3>2.2 \u591a\u5bf9\u4e00\u548c\u4e00\u5bf9\u591a\u5411\u91cf\u5339\u914d<\/h3>\n<p>\u591a\u5bf9\u4e00\u548c\u4e00\u5bf9\u591a\u5339\u914d\u6307\u7684\u662f\u201c\u4e00\u201d\u4fa7\u7684\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5411\u91cf\u5143\u7d20\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e0e\u201c\u591a\u201d\u4fa7\u7684\u591a\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u5339\u914d\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u3002 \u5fc5\u987b\u4f7f\u7528group_left\u6216group_right\u4fee\u9970\u7b26\u660e\u786e\u8bf7\u6c42\uff0c\u5176\u4e2dleft\/right\u786e\u5b9a\u54ea\u4e2a\u5411\u91cf\u5177\u6709\u66f4\u9ad8\u7684\u57fa\u6570\u3002\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<pre>&lt;vector expr&gt; &lt;bin-op&gt; ignoring(&lt;label list&gt;) group_left(&lt;label list&gt;) &lt;vector expr&gt;\n&lt;vector expr&gt; &lt;bin-op&gt; ignoring(&lt;label list&gt;) group_right(&lt;label list&gt;) &lt;vector expr&gt;\n&lt;vector expr&gt; &lt;bin-op&gt; on(&lt;label list&gt;) group_left(&lt;label list&gt;) &lt;vector expr&gt;\n&lt;vector expr&gt; &lt;bin-op&gt; on(&lt;label list&gt;) group_right(&lt;label list&gt;) &lt;vector expr&gt;<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<div>\n\u5206\u7ec4\u4fee\u9970\u7b26\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u6807\u7b7e\u5217\u8868\u5305\u542b\u6765\u81ea\u201c\u4e00\u201d\u4fa7\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u6807\u7b7e\uff0c\u4ee5\u5305\u542b\u5728\u7ed3\u679c\u5ea6\u91cf\u6807\u51c6\u4e2d\u3002 \u5bf9\u4e8e\u6807\u7b7e\uff0c\u53ea\u80fd\u51fa\u73b0\u5728\u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u4e2a\u5217\u8868\u4e2d\u3002 \u6bcf\u6b21\u7ed3\u679c\u5411\u91cf\u7684\u5e8f\u5217\u5fc5\u987b\u662f\u552f\u4e00\u53ef\u8bc6\u522b\u7684\u3002\u5206\u7ec4\u4fee\u9970\u7b26\u53ea\u80fd\u7528\u4e8e\u6bd4\u8f83\u548c\u7b97\u672f\u3002 \u9ed8\u8ba4\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u64cd\u4f5cas\u548c\u9664\u975e\u548c\u6216\u64cd\u4f5c\u4e0e\u53f3\u5411\u91cf\u4e2d\u7684\u6240\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u6761\u76ee\u5339\u914d\u3002\u793a\u4f8b\u67e5\u8be2\uff1a\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<pre>method_code:http_errors:rate5m \/ ignoring(code) group_left method:http_requests:rate5m<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<p>\u5728\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u5de6\u5411\u91cf\u6bcf\u4e2amethod\u6807\u7b7e\u503c\u5305\u542b\u591a\u4e2a\u6761\u76ee\u3002 \u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4f7f\u7528group_left\u8868\u660e\u8fd9\u4e00\u70b9\u3002 \u53f3\u4fa7\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u73b0\u5728\u4e0e\u591a\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u5339\u914d\uff0c\u5de6\u4fa7\u5177\u6709\u76f8\u540c\u7684method\u6807\u7b7e\uff1a<\/p>\n<div>\n<pre>{method=\\\"get\\\", code=\\\"500\\\"} 0.04 \/\/ 24 \/600\n{method=\\\"get\\\", code=\\\"404\\\"} 0.05 \/\/ 30 \/600\n{method=\\\"post\\\", code=\\\"500\\\"} 0.05 \/\/ 6 \/600\n{method=\\\"post\\\", code=\\\"404\\\"} 0.175 \/\/ 21 \/600<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<p>\u591a\u5bf9\u4e00\u548c\u4e00\u5bf9\u591a\u5339\u914d\u662f\u9ad8\u7ea7\u7528\u4f8b\uff0c\u5e94\u8be5\u4ed4\u7ec6\u8003\u8651\u3002 \u901a\u5e38\u6b63\u786e\u4f7f\u7528\u5ffd\u7565ignoring(&lt;labels&gt;)\u53ef\u63d0\u4f9b\u6240\u9700\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u3002<\/p>\n<div>\n<div>\n<h3>\u4e09\u3001\u805a\u5408\u64cd\u4f5c\u7b26<\/h3>\n<p>Prometheus\u652f\u6301\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5185\u7f6e\u805a\u5408\u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26\u53ef\u7528\u4e8e\u805a\u5408\u5355\u4e2a\u5373\u65f6\u5411\u91cf\u7684\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u751f\u6210\u5177\u6709\u805a\u5408\u503c\u7684\u8f83\u5c11\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u65b0\u5411\u91cf\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>sum\u00a0(\u5728\u7ef4\u5ea6\u4e0a\u6c42\u548c)<\/li>\n<li>max\u00a0(\u5728\u7ef4\u5ea6\u4e0a\u6c42\u6700\u5927\u503c)<\/li>\n<li>min\u00a0(\u5728\u7ef4\u5ea6\u4e0a\u6c42\u6700\u5c0f\u503c)<\/li>\n<li>avg\u00a0(\u5728\u7ef4\u5ea6\u4e0a\u6c42\u5e73\u5747\u503c)<\/li>\n<li>stddev\u00a0(\u6c42\u6807\u51c6\u5dee)<\/li>\n<li>stdvar\u00a0(\u6c42\u65b9\u5dee)<\/li>\n<li>count\u00a0(\u7edf\u8ba1\u5411\u91cf\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u4e2a\u6570)<\/li>\n<li>count_values\u00a0(\u7edf\u8ba1\u76f8\u540c\u6570\u636e\u503c\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u6570\u91cf)<\/li>\n<li>bottomk\u00a0(\u6837\u672c\u503c\u7b2ck\u4e2a\u6700\u5c0f\u503c)<\/li>\n<li>topk\u00a0(\u6837\u672c\u503c\u7b2ck\u4e2a\u6700\u5927\u503c)<\/li>\n<li>quantile\u00a0(\u7edf\u8ba1\u5206\u4f4d\u6570)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26\u53ef\u4ee5\u7528\u4e8e\u805a\u5408\u6240\u6709\u6807\u7b7e\u7ef4\u5ea6\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u5305\u542bwithout\u6216by\u5b50\u53e5\u6765\u4fdd\u7559\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u7ef4\u5ea6\u3002\n<\/p><\/div>\n<div>\n<pre>&lt;aggr-op&gt;([parameter,] &lt;vector expr&gt;) [without | by (&lt;label list&gt;)] [keep_common]<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<div>\nparameter\u4ec5\u7528\u4e8ecount_values\uff0cquantile\uff0ctopk\u548cbottomk\u3002\u4e0d\u4ece\u7ed3\u679c\u5411\u91cf\u4e2d\u5220\u9664\u5217\u51fa\u7684\u6807\u7b7e\uff0c\u800c\u6240\u6709\u5176\u4ed6\u6807\u7b7e\u90fd\u4fdd\u7559\u8f93\u51fa\u3002\u00a0by\u76f8\u53cd\u5e76\u5220\u9664\u672a\u5728by\u5b50\u53e5\u4e2d\u5217\u51fa\u7684\u6807\u7b7e\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u6807\u7b7e\u503c\u5728\u5411\u91cf\u7684\u6240\u6709\u5143\u7d20\u4e4b\u95f4\u662f\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u3002<br \/>\ncount_values\u8f93\u51fa\u6bcf\u4e2a\u552f\u4e00\u6837\u672c\u503c\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u65f6\u95f4\u5e8f\u5217\u3002\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5e8f\u5217\u90fd\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u989d\u5916\u7684\u6807\u7b7e\u3002\u8be5\u6807\u7b7e\u7684\u540d\u79f0\u7531\u805a\u5408\u53c2\u6570\u7ed9\u51fa\uff0c\u6807\u7b7e\u503c\u662f\u552f\u4e00\u7684\u6837\u672c\u503c\u3002\u6bcf\u4e2a\u65f6\u95f4\u5e8f\u5217\u7684\u503c\u662f\u6837\u672c\u503c\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u6b21\u6570\u3002<br \/>\ntopk\u548cbottomk\u4e0e\u5176\u4ed6\u805a\u5408\u5668\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u4e4b\u5904\u5728\u4e8e\uff0c\u8f93\u5165\u6837\u672c\u7684\u5b50\u96c6\uff08\u5305\u62ec\u539f\u59cb\u6807\u7b7e\uff09\u5728\u7ed3\u679c\u5411\u91cf\u4e2d\u8fd4\u56de\u3002\u00a0by\u548cwithout\u4ec5\u7528\u4e8e\u5b58\u50a8\u8f93\u5165\u5411\u91cf\u3002<br \/>\n\u4f8b\uff1a\u5982\u679c\u5ea6\u91cf\u6807\u51c6http_requests_total\u5177\u6709\u6309\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u5b9e\u4f8b\u548c\u7ec4\u6807\u7b7e\u6247\u51fa\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u5e8f\u5217\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u4ee5\u4e0b\u65b9\u5f0f\u8ba1\u7b97\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u548c\u7ec4\u5728\u6240\u6709\u5b9e\u4f8b\u4e0a\u770b\u5230\u7684HTTP\u8bf7\u6c42\u603b\u6570\uff1a\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<pre>sum(http_requests_total) without (instance)<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<p>\u7b49\u4ef7\u4e8e\uff1a<\/p>\n<div>\n<pre>sum(http_requests_total)<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<p>\u8981\u8ba1\u7b97\u8fd0\u884c\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6784\u5efa\u7248\u672c\u7684\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u6570\u91cf\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u7f16\u5199\uff1a<\/p>\n<div>\n<pre>count_values(\\\"version\\\", build_version)<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<p>\u8981\u5728\u6240\u6709\u5b9e\u4f8b\u4e2d\u83b7\u53d65\u4e2a\u6700\u5927\u7684HTTP\u8bf7\u6c42\u8ba1\u6570\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u7f16\u5199\uff1a<\/p>\n<div>\n<pre>topk(5, http_requests_total)<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<h3>\u56db\u3001\u4e8c\u5143\u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7<\/h3>\n<p>\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5217\u8868\u663e\u793a\u4e86Prometheus\u4e2d\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26\u7684\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\uff0c\u4ece\u6700\u9ad8\u5230\u6700\u4f4e\u3002<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>^<\/li>\n<li>*, \/, %<\/li>\n<li>+, &#8211;<\/li>\n<li>==, !=, &lt;=, &lt;, &gt;=, &gt;<\/li>\n<li>and, unless<\/li>\n<li>or<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u5177\u6709\u76f8\u540c\u4f18\u5148\u7ea7\u7684\u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26\u662f\u5de6\u5173\u8054\u7684\u3002 \u4f8b\u5982\uff0c2 * 3\uff052\u76f8\u5f53\u4e8e\uff082 * 3\uff09\uff052\u3002\u4f46\u662f^\u662f\u53f3\u5173\u8054\u7684\uff0c\u56e0\u6b642 ^ 3 ^ 2\u76f8\u5f53\u4e8e2 ^\uff083 ^ 2\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>PromQL\u51fd\u6570<\/h2>\n<div>\n<div>\u4e00\u4e9b\u51fd\u6570\u6709\u9ed8\u8ba4\u7684\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff1ayear(v=vector(time()) instant-vector)\u3002\u610f\u601d\u662f\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u53c2\u6570v\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u77ac\u65f6\u5411\u91cf\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6ca1\u6709\u63d0\u4f9b\uff0c\u5b83\u5c06\u9ed8\u8ba4\u4e3a\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0fvector(time())\u7684\u503c\u3002\u53ef\u53c2\u8003\uff1a<a id=\\\"cb_post_title_url\\\" href=\\\"https:\/\/www.cnblogs.com\/JetpropelledSnake\/p\/10446878.html\\\">Prometheus\u76d1\u63a7\u5b66\u4e60\u7b14\u8bb0\u4e4bPromQL \u5185\u7f6e\u51fd\u6570<\/a><\/div>\n<div>\n<h3>\u4e00\u3001abs()<\/h3>\n<p>abs(v instant-vector)\u8fd4\u56de\u8f93\u5165\u5411\u91cf\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u6837\u672c\u503c\u90fd\u8f6c\u6362\u4e3a\u5176\u7edd\u5bf9\u503c\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>\u4e8c\u3001absent()<\/h3>\n<p>absent(v instant-vector)\u5982\u679c\u4f20\u9012\u7ed9\u5b83\u7684\u5411\u91cf\u5177\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u5219\u8fd4\u56de\u7a7a\u5411\u91cf\uff1b\u5982\u679c\u4f20\u9012\u7ed9\u5b83\u7684\u5411\u91cf\u6ca1\u6709\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u5219\u8fd4\u56de\u4e3a1\u7684\u503c\u3002\u8fd9\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5728\u7ed9\u5b9a\u5ea6\u91cf\u6807\u51c6\u540d\u79f0\u548c\u6807\u7b7e\u7ec4\u5408\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u65f6\u95f4\u5e8f\u5217\u65f6\u53d1\u51fa\u8b66\u62a5\u975e\u5e38\u6709\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n<div>\n<pre>absent(nonexistent{job=\\\"myjob\\\"})\n# =&gt; {job=\\\"myjob\\\"}\nabsent(nonexistent{job=\\\"myjob\\\", instance=~\\\".*\\\"})\n# =&gt; {job=\\\"myjob\\\"}\nabsent(sum(nonexistent{job=\\\"myjob\\\"}))\n# =&gt; {}<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<p>\u5728\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u4f8b\u5b50\u4e2d\uff0cabsent()\u8bd5\u56fe\u4ece\u8f93\u5165\u5411\u91cf\u4e2d\u5bfc\u51fa1\u5143\u7d20\u8f93\u51fa\u5411\u91cf\u7684\u6807\u7b7e\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>\u4e09\u3001ceil()<\/h3>\n<p>ceil(v instant-vector)\u00a0\u5c06v\u4e2d\u6240\u6709\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u6837\u672c\u503c\u56db\u820d\u4e94\u5165\u5230\u6700\u63a5\u8fd1\u7684\u6574\u6570\u3002\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n<div>\n<pre>node_load5{instance=\\\"192.168.1.75:9100\\\"} # \u7ed3\u679c\u4e3a 2.79\nceil(node_load5{instance=\\\"192.168.1.75:9100\\\"}) # \u7ed3\u679c\u4e3a 3<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<h3>\u56db\u3001changes()<\/h3>\n<p>\u8f93\u5165\u4e00\u4e2a\u533a\u95f4\u5411\u91cf\uff0c \u8fd4\u56de\u8fd9\u4e2a\u533a\u95f4\u5411\u91cf\u5185\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6837\u672c\u6570\u636e\u503c\u53d8\u5316\u7684\u6b21\u6570\uff08\u77ac\u65f6\u5411\u91cf\uff09\u3002\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n<div>\n<pre>\u5982\u679c\u6837\u672c\u6570\u636e\u503c\u6ca1\u6709\u53d1\u751f\u53d8\u5316\uff0c\u5219\u8fd4\u56de\u7ed3\u679c\u4e3a 1\nchanges(node_load5{instance=\\\"192.168.1.75:9100\\\"}[1m]) # \u7ed3\u679c\u4e3a 1<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<h3>\u4e94\u3001clamp_max()<\/h3>\n<p>clamp_max(v instant-vector, max scalar)\u00a0\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u8f93\u5165\u4e00\u4e2a\u77ac\u65f6\u5411\u91cf\u548c\u6700\u5927\u503c\uff0c\u6837\u672c\u6570\u636e\u503c\u82e5\u5927\u4e8e max\uff0c\u5219\u6539\u4e3a max\uff0c\u5426\u5219\u4e0d\u53d8\u3002\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n<div>\n<pre>node_load5{instance=\\\"192.168.1.75:9100\\\"} # \u7ed3\u679c\u4e3a 2.79\nclamp_max(node_load5{instance=\\\"192.168.1.75:9100\\\"}, 2) # \u7ed3\u679c\u4e3a 2<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<h3>\u516d\u3001clamp_min()<\/h3>\n<p>clamp_min(v instant-vector, min scalar)\u00a0\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u8f93\u5165\u4e00\u4e2a\u77ac\u65f6\u5411\u91cf\u548c\u6700\u5c0f\u503c\uff0c\u6837\u672c\u6570\u636e\u503c\u82e5\u5c0f\u4e8e min\uff0c\u5219\u6539\u4e3a min\uff0c\u5426\u5219\u4e0d\u53d8\u3002\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n<div>\n<pre>node_load5{instance=\\\"192.168.1.75:9100\\\"} # \u7ed3\u679c\u4e3a 2.79\nclamp_min(node_load5{instance=\\\"192.168.1.75:9100\\\"}, 3) # \u7ed3\u679c\u4e3a 3<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<h3>\u00a0\u4e03\u3001day_of_month()<\/h3>\n<p>day_of_month(v=vector(time()) instant-vector)\u8fd4\u56deUTC\u4e2d\u6bcf\u4e2a\u7ed9\u5b9a\u65f6\u95f4\u7684\u6708\u4e2d\u7684\u67d0\u5929\u3002 \u8fd4\u56de\u503c\u4e3a1\u523031\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>\u516b\u3001day_of_week()<\/h3>\n<p>day_of_week(v=vector(time()) instant-vector)\u8fd4\u56deUTC\u4e2d\u6bcf\u4e2a\u7ed9\u5b9a\u65f6\u95f4\u7684\u661f\u671f\u51e0\u3002 \u8fd4\u56de\u503c\u4e3a0\u52306\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d0\u8868\u793a\u661f\u671f\u65e5\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>\u4e5d\u3001days_in_month()<\/h3>\n<p>days_in_month(v=vector(time()) instant-vector)\u8fd4\u56deUTC\u4e2d\u6bcf\u4e2a\u7ed9\u5b9a\u65f6\u95f4\u7684\u6708\u4e2d\u5929\u6570\u3002 \u8fd4\u56de\u503c\u4e3a28\u523031\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>\u5341\u3001delta()<\/h3>\n<p>delta(v range-vector)\u00a0\u7684\u53c2\u6570\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u533a\u95f4\u5411\u91cf\uff0c\u8fd4\u56de\u4e00\u4e2a\u77ac\u65f6\u5411\u91cf\u3002\u5b83\u8ba1\u7b97\u4e00\u4e2a\u533a\u95f4\u5411\u91cf v \u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u548c\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u4e2a\u5143\u7d20\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5dee\u503c\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u8fd9\u4e2a\u503c\u88ab\u5916\u63a8\u5230\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u6574\u4e2a\u65f6\u95f4\u8303\u56f4\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u5373\u4f7f\u6837\u672c\u503c\u90fd\u662f\u6574\u6570\uff0c\u4f60\u4ecd\u7136\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u5f97\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u975e\u6574\u6570\u503c\u3002\u00a0\u5982\u4ee5\u4e0b\u793a\u4f8b\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u8fd4\u56de\u73b0\u5728\u548c2\u5c0f\u65f6\u4e4b\u524dCPU\u6e29\u5ea6\u7684\u5dee\u5f02\uff1a<\/p>\n<div>\n<pre>delta(cpu_temp_celsius{host=\\\"zeus\\\"}[2h])<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\u4e00\u822c\u53ea\u7528\u5728 Gauge \u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u5e8f\u5217\u4e0a\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>\u5341\u4e00\u3001deriv()<\/h3>\n<p data-key=\\\"8b6a8c88b9d44000b4d7dac5dba18ae9\\\">deriv(v range-vector)\u00a0\u7684\u53c2\u6570\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u533a\u95f4\u5411\u91cf,\u8fd4\u56de\u4e00\u4e2a\u77ac\u65f6\u5411\u91cf\u3002\u5b83\u4f7f\u7528<a href=\\\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Simple_linear_regression\\\" target=\\\"_blank\\\" rel=\\\"noopener noreferrer\\\" data-key=\\\"a59154e334c548c4a2c2042c50f457c6\\\">\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u7ebf\u6027\u56de\u5f52<\/a>\u8ba1\u7b97\u533a\u95f4\u5411\u91cf v \u4e2d\u5404\u4e2a\u65f6\u95f4\u5e8f\u5217\u7684\u5bfc\u6570\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\u4e00\u822c\u53ea\u7528\u5728 Gauge \u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u5e8f\u5217\u4e0a\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>\u5341\u4e8c\u3001exp()<\/h3>\n<p>exp(v instant-vector)\u00a0\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u8f93\u5165\u4e00\u4e2a\u77ac\u65f6\u5411\u91cf\uff0c\u8fd4\u56de\u5404\u4e2a\u6837\u672c\u503c\u7684\u00a0e\u00a0\u7684\u6307\u6570\u503c\uff0c\u5373 e \u7684 N \u6b21\u65b9\u3002\u5f53 N \u7684\u503c\u8db3\u591f\u5927\u65f6\u4f1a\u8fd4\u56de\u00a0+Inf\u3002\u7279\u6b8a\u60c5\u51b5\u4e3a\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Exp(+inf) = +Inf<\/li>\n<li>Exp(NaN) = NaN<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>\u5341\u4e09\u3001floor()<\/h3>\n<p>floor(v instant-vector)\u51fd\u6570\u4e0e ceil() \u51fd\u6570\u76f8\u53cd\uff0c\u5c06 v \u4e2d\u6240\u6709\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u6837\u672c\u503c\u5411\u4e0b\u56db\u820d\u4e94\u5165\u5230\u6700\u63a5\u8fd1\u7684\u6574\u6570\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>\u5341\u56db\u3001histogram_quantile()<\/h3>\n<div>\nhistogram_quatile(\u03c6 float, b instant-vector)\u00a0\u8ba1\u7b97b\u5411\u91cf\u7684\u03c6-\u76f4\u65b9\u56fe (0 \u2264 \u03c6 \u2264 1) \u3002\uff08\u6709\u5173\u03c6-\u5206\u4f4d\u6570\u7684\u8be6\u7ec6\u89e3\u91ca\u548c\u76f4\u65b9\u56fe\u5ea6\u91cf\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u8bf7\u53c2\u89c1<a href=\\\"https:\/\/prometheus.io\/docs\/practices\/histograms\\\" target=\\\"_blank\\\" rel=\\\"noopener noreferrer\\\">\u76f4\u65b9\u56fe\u548c\u6458\u8981<\/a>\u3002\uff09b\u4e2d\u7684\u6837\u672c\u662f\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6876\u4e2d\u7684\u89c2\u5bdf\u8ba1\u6570\u3002 \u6bcf\u4e2a\u6837\u672c\u5fc5\u987b\u5177\u6709\u6807\u7b7ele\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u6807\u7b7e\u503c\u8868\u793a\u6876\u7684\u5305\u542b\u4e0a\u9650\u3002 \uff08\u6ca1\u6709\u8fd9\u79cd\u6807\u7b7e\u7684\u6837\u672c\u4f1a\u88ab\u5ffd\u7565\u3002\uff09\u76f4\u65b9\u56fe\u5ea6\u91cf\u6807\u51c6\u7c7b\u578b\u81ea\u52a8\u63d0\u4f9b\u5e26\u6709_bucket\u540e\u7f00\u548c\u76f8\u5e94\u6807\u7b7e\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u5e8f\u5217\u3002\u4f7f\u7528rate()\u51fd\u6570\u6307\u5b9a\u5206\u4f4d\u6570\u8ba1\u7b97\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u7a97\u53e3\u3002<br \/>\n\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a\u76f4\u65b9\u56fe\u5ea6\u91cf\u6807\u51c6\u79f0\u4e3ahttp_request_duration_seconds\u3002 \u8981\u8ba1\u7b97\u8fc7\u53bb10m\u5185\u8bf7\u6c42\u6301\u7eed\u65f6\u95f4\u7684\u7b2c90\u4e2a\u767e\u5206\u4f4d\u6570\uff0c\u8bf7\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\uff1a<\/p>\n<div>\n<pre>histogram_quantile(0.9, rate(http_request_duration_seconds_bucket[10m]))<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<div>\u5728http_request_duration_seconds\u4e2d\u4e3a\u6bcf\u4e2a\u6807\u7b7e\u7ec4\u5408\u8ba1\u7b97\u5206\u4f4d\u6570\u3002 \u8981\u805a\u5408\uff0c\u8bf7\u5728rate()\u51fd\u6570\u5468\u56f4\u4f7f\u7528sum()\u805a\u5408\u5668\u3002 \u7531\u4e8ehistogram_quantile()\u9700\u8981le\u6807\u7b7e\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5fc5\u987b\u5c06\u5176\u5305\u542b\u5728by\u5b50\u53e5\u4e2d\u3002 \u4ee5\u4e0b\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u6309\u4f5c\u4e1a\u805a\u5408\u7b2c90\u4e2a\u767e\u5206\u70b9\uff1a<\/div>\n<div>\n<pre>histogram_quantile(0.9, sum(rate(http_request_duration_seconds_bucket[10m])) by (job, le))<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<p>\u8981\u805a\u5408\u6240\u6709\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u8bf7\u4ec5\u6307\u5b9ale\u6807\u7b7e\uff1a<\/p>\n<div>\n<pre>histogram_quantile(0.9, sum(rate(http_request_duration_seconds_bucket[10m])) by (le))<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<div>\nhistogram_quantile()\u51fd\u6570\u901a\u8fc7\u5047\u8bbe\u6876\u5185\u7684\u7ebf\u6027\u5206\u5e03\u6765\u63d2\u503c\u5206\u4f4d\u6570\u503c\u3002 \u6700\u9ad8\u6876\u5fc5\u987b\u5177\u6709+Inf\u7684\u4e0a\u9650\u3002 \uff08\u5426\u5219\uff0c\u8fd4\u56deNaN\u3002\uff09\u5982\u679c\u5206\u4f4d\u6570\u4f4d\u4e8e\u6700\u9ad8\u6876\u4e2d\uff0c\u5219\u8fd4\u56de\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4e2a\u6700\u9ad8\u6876\u7684\u4e0a\u9650\u3002 \u5982\u679c\u8be5\u6876\u7684\u4e0a\u9650\u5927\u4e8e0\uff0c\u5219\u5047\u8bbe\u6700\u4f4e\u6876\u7684\u4e0b\u9650\u4e3a0.\u5728\u8fd9\u79cd\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u5728\u8be5\u6876\u5185\u5e94\u7528\u901a\u5e38\u7684\u7ebf\u6027\u63d2\u503c\u3002 \u5426\u5219\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4f4d\u4e8e\u6700\u4f4e\u6876\u4e2d\u7684\u5206\u4f4d\u6570\uff0c\u8fd4\u56de\u6700\u4f4e\u6876\u7684\u4e0a\u9650\u3002<br \/>\n\u5982\u679cb\u5305\u542b\u5c11\u4e8e\u4e24\u4e2a\u6876\uff0c\u5219\u8fd4\u56deNaN\u3002 \u5bf9\u4e8e\u03c6&lt;0\uff0c\u8fd4\u56de-Inf\u3002 \u5bf9\u4e8e\u03c6&gt; 1\uff0c\u8fd4\u56de+Inf\u3002\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h3>\u5341\u4e94\u3001holt_winters()<\/h3>\n<p data-key=\\\"3168666392454d14baf617c45635a726\\\">holt_winters(v range-vector, sf scalar, tf scalar)\u00a0\u51fd\u6570\u57fa\u4e8e\u533a\u95f4\u5411\u91cf v\uff0c\u751f\u6210\u65f6\u95f4\u5e8f\u5217\u6570\u636e\u5e73\u6ed1\u503c\u3002\u5e73\u6ed1\u56e0\u5b50\u00a0sf\u00a0\u8d8a\u4f4e, \u5bf9\u65e7\u6570\u636e\u7684\u91cd\u89c6\u7a0b\u5ea6\u8d8a\u9ad8\u3002\u8d8b\u52bf\u56e0\u5b50\u00a0tf\u00a0\u8d8a\u9ad8\uff0c\u5bf9\u6570\u636e\u7684\u8d8b\u52bf\u7684\u8003\u8651\u5c31\u8d8a\u591a\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\uff0c0&lt; sf, tf &lt;=1\u3002\u4ec5\u9002\u7528\u4e8e Gauge \u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u5e8f\u5217\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>\u5341\u516d\u3001hour()<\/h3>\n<p>hour(v=vector(time()) instant-vector)\u8fd4\u56deUTC\u4e2d\u6bcf\u4e2a\u7ed9\u5b9a\u65f6\u95f4\u7684\u4e00\u5929\u4e2d\u7684\u5c0f\u65f6\u3002 \u8fd4\u56de\u503c\u4e3a0\u523023\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>\u5341\u4e03\u3001idelta()<\/h3>\n<p data-key=\\\"d49ef26c76324477b76da445669319c0\\\">idelta(v range-vector) \u7684\u53c2\u6570\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u533a\u95f4\u5411\u91cf, \u8fd4\u56de\u4e00\u4e2a\u77ac\u65f6\u5411\u91cf\u3002\u5b83\u8ba1\u7b97\u6700\u65b0\u7684 2 \u4e2a\u6837\u672c\u503c\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5dee\u503c\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\u4e00\u822c\u53ea\u7528\u5728 Gauge \u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u5e8f\u5217\u4e0a\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>\u5341\u516b\u3001increase()<\/h3>\n<p data-key=\\\"e569881c8407475fb7a56826203d9d35\\\">increase(v range-vector)\u00a0\u51fd\u6570\u83b7\u53d6\u533a\u95f4\u5411\u91cf\u4e2d\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u548c\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u4e2a\u6837\u672c\u5e76\u8fd4\u56de\u5176\u589e\u957f\u91cf, \u5b83\u4f1a\u5728\u5355\u8c03\u6027\u53d1\u751f\u53d8\u5316\u65f6(\u5982\u7531\u4e8e\u91c7\u6837\u76ee\u6807\u91cd\u542f\u5f15\u8d77\u7684\u8ba1\u6570\u5668\u590d\u4f4d)\u81ea\u52a8\u4e2d\u65ad\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u8fd9\u4e2a\u503c\u88ab\u5916\u63a8\u5230\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u6574\u4e2a\u65f6\u95f4\u8303\u56f4\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u5373\u4f7f\u6837\u672c\u503c\u90fd\u662f\u6574\u6570\uff0c\u4f60\u4ecd\u7136\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u5f97\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u975e\u6574\u6570\u503c\u3002\u5982\u4ee5\u4e0b\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u8fd4\u56de\u533a\u95f4\u5411\u91cf\u4e2d\u6bcf\u4e2a\u65f6\u95f4\u5e8f\u5217\u8fc7\u53bb 5 \u5206\u949f\u5185 HTTP \u8bf7\u6c42\u6570\u7684\u589e\u957f\u6570\uff1a<\/p>\n<div>\n<pre>increase(http_requests_total{job=\\\"api-server\\\"}[5m])<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<p>increase\u00a0\u7684\u8fd4\u56de\u503c\u7c7b\u578b\u53ea\u80fd\u662f\u8ba1\u6570\u5668\u7c7b\u578b\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u4f5c\u7528\u662f\u589e\u52a0\u56fe\u8868\u548c\u6570\u636e\u7684\u53ef\u8bfb\u6027\u3002\u4f7f\u7528\u00a0rate\u00a0\u51fd\u6570\u8bb0\u5f55\u89c4\u5219\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u7387\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u6301\u7eed\u8ddf\u8e2a\u6570\u636e\u6837\u672c\u503c\u7684\u53d8\u5316\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>\u5341\u4e5d\u3001irate<\/h2>\n<p data-key=\\\"9f5d35e83ec745739edcdd3c392f661a\\\">irate(v range-vector)\u00a0\u51fd\u6570\u7528\u4e8e\u8ba1\u7b97\u533a\u95f4\u5411\u91cf\u7684\u589e\u957f\u7387\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5176\u53cd\u5e94\u51fa\u7684\u662f\u77ac\u65f6\u589e\u957f\u7387\u3002irate \u51fd\u6570\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u533a\u95f4\u5411\u91cf\u4e2d\u6700\u540e\u4e24\u4e2a\u6837\u672c\u6570\u636e\u6765\u8ba1\u7b97\u533a\u95f4\u5411\u91cf\u7684\u589e\u957f\u901f\u7387\uff0c\u5b83\u4f1a\u5728\u5355\u8c03\u6027\u53d1\u751f\u53d8\u5316\u65f6(\u5982\u7531\u4e8e\u91c7\u6837\u76ee\u6807\u91cd\u542f\u5f15\u8d77\u7684\u8ba1\u6570\u5668\u590d\u4f4d)\u81ea\u52a8\u4e2d\u65ad\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u53ef\u4ee5\u907f\u514d\u5728\u65f6\u95f4\u7a97\u53e3\u8303\u56f4\u5185\u7684\u201c\u957f\u5c3e\u95ee\u9898\u201d\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u4f53\u73b0\u51fa\u66f4\u597d\u7684\u7075\u654f\u5ea6\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7irate\u51fd\u6570\u7ed8\u5236\u7684\u56fe\u6807\u80fd\u591f\u66f4\u597d\u7684\u53cd\u5e94\u6837\u672c\u6570\u636e\u7684\u77ac\u65f6\u53d8\u5316\u72b6\u6001\u3002\u5982\uff0c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u8fd4\u56de\u533a\u95f4\u5411\u91cf\u4e2d\u6bcf\u4e2a\u65f6\u95f4\u5e8f\u5217\u8fc7\u53bb 5 \u5206\u949f\u5185\u6700\u540e\u4e24\u4e2a\u6837\u672c\u6570\u636e\u7684 HTTP \u8bf7\u6c42\u6570\u7684\u589e\u957f\u7387\uff1a<\/p>\n<div>\n<pre>irate(http_requests_total{job=\\\"api-server\\\"}[5m])<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<p>irate \u53ea\u80fd\u7528\u4e8e\u7ed8\u5236\u5feb\u901f\u53d8\u5316\u7684\u8ba1\u6570\u5668\uff0c\u5728\u957f\u671f\u8d8b\u52bf\u5206\u6790\u6216\u8005\u544a\u8b66\u4e2d\u66f4\u63a8\u8350\u4f7f\u7528 rate \u51fd\u6570\u3002\u56e0\u4e3a\u4f7f\u7528 irate \u51fd\u6570\u65f6\uff0c\u901f\u7387\u7684\u7b80\u77ed\u53d8\u5316\u4f1a\u91cd\u7f6e\u00a0FOR\u00a0\u8bed\u53e5\uff0c\u5f62\u6210\u7684\u56fe\u5f62\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u6ce2\u5cf0\uff0c\u96be\u4ee5\u9605\u8bfb\u3002<br \/>\n\u6ce8\u610f\uff0c\u5f53\u5c06irate()\u4e0e\u805a\u5408\u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26\uff08\u4f8b\u5982sum()\uff09\u6216\u968f\u65f6\u95f4\u805a\u5408\u7684\u51fd\u6570\uff08\u4efb\u4f55\u4ee5_over_time\u7ed3\u5c3e\u7684\u51fd\u6570\uff09\u7ec4\u5408\u65f6\uff0c\u8bf7\u59cb\u7ec8\u9996\u5148\u91c7\u7528irate()\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u8fdb\u884c\u805a\u5408\u3002 \u5426\u5219\uff0c\u5f53\u76ee\u6807\u91cd\u65b0\u542f\u52a8\u65f6\uff0cirate()\u65e0\u6cd5\u68c0\u6d4b\u8ba1\u6570\u5668\u91cd\u7f6e\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>\u4e8c\u5341\u3001label_join()<\/h3>\n<p data-key=\\\"77803ec0dd8e481ca6fe11dc06a2311b\\\">\u51fd\u6570\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u65f6\u95f4\u5e8f\u5217 v \u4e2d\u591a\u4e2a\u6807\u7b7e\u00a0src_label\u00a0\u7684\u503c\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u00a0separator\u00a0\u4f5c\u4e3a\u8fde\u63a5\u7b26\u5199\u5165\u5230\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u6807\u7b7e\u00a0dst_label\u00a0\u4e2d\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u591a\u4e2a src_label \u6807\u7b7e\u3002\u5982\uff0c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u8fd4\u56de\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u5e8f\u5217\u591a\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u00a0foo\u00a0\u6807\u7b7e\uff0c\u6807\u7b7e\u503c\u4e3a\u00a0etcd,etcd-k8s\uff1a<\/p>\n<div>\n<pre>up{endpoint=\\\"api\\\",instance=\\\"192.168.123.248:2379\\\",job=\\\"etcd\\\",namespace=\\\"monitoring\\\",service=\\\"etcd-k8s\\\"}\n=&gt; up{endpoint=\\\"api\\\",instance=\\\"192.168.123.248:2379\\\",job=\\\"etcd\\\",namespace=\\\"monitoring\\\",service=\\\"etcd-k8s\\\"} 1\nlabel_join(up{endpoint=\\\"api\\\",instance=\\\"192.168.123.248:2379\\\",job=\\\"etcd\\\",namespace=\\\"monitoring\\\",service=\\\"etcd-k8s\\\"}, \\\"foo\\\", \\\",\\\", \\\"job\\\", \\\"service\\\")\n=&gt; up{endpoint=\\\"api\\\",foo=\\\"etcd,etcd-k8s\\\",instance=\\\"192.168.123.248:2379\\\",job=\\\"etcd\\\",namespace=\\\"monitoring\\\",service=\\\"etcd-k8s\\\"} 1\nlabel_replace()<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<h3>\u4e8c\u5341\u4e00\u3001label_replace()<\/h3>\n<p>\u4e3a\u4e86\u80fd\u591f\u8ba9\u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\u7684\u56fe\u6807\u66f4\u5177\u6709\u53ef\u8bfb\u6027\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u00a0label_replace\u00a0\u51fd\u6570\u4e3a\u65f6\u95f4\u5e8f\u5217\u6dfb\u52a0\u989d\u5916\u7684\u6807\u7b7e\u3002label_replace \u7684\u5177\u4f53\u53c2\u6570\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n<div>\n<pre>label_replace(v instant-vector, dst_label string, replacement string, src_label string, regex string)<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<p>\u8be5\u51fd\u6570\u4f1a\u4f9d\u6b21\u5bf9 v \u4e2d\u7684\u6bcf\u4e00\u6761\u65f6\u95f4\u5e8f\u5217\u8fdb\u884c\u5904\u7406\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u00a0regex\u00a0\u5339\u914d src_label \u7684\u503c\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u5339\u914d\u90e8\u5206\u00a0relacement\u00a0\u5199\u5165\u5230 dst_label \u6807\u7b7e\u4e2d\u3002\u5982\u4e0b\u6240\u793a\uff1a<\/p>\n<div>\n<pre>label_replace(up, \\\"host\\\", \\\"$1\\\", \\\"instance\\\", \\\"(.*):.*\\\")<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<p>\u51fd\u6570\u5904\u7406\u540e\uff0c\u65f6\u95f4\u5e8f\u5217\u5c06\u5305\u542b\u4e00\u4e2a\u00a0host\u00a0\u6807\u7b7e\uff0chost \u6807\u7b7e\u7684\u503c\u4e3a Exporter \u5b9e\u4f8b\u7684 IP \u5730\u5740\uff1a<\/p>\n<div>\n<pre>up{host=\\\"localhost\\\",instance=\\\"localhost:8080\\\",job=\\\"cadvisor\\\"} 1\nup{host=\\\"localhost\\\",instance=\\\"localhost:9090\\\",job=\\\"prometheus\\\"} 1\nup{host=\\\"localhost\\\",instance=\\\"localhost:9100\\\",job=\\\"node\\\"} 1<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<h3>\u4e8c\u5341\u4e8c\u3001ln()<\/h3>\n<p>\u8ba1\u7b97\u77ac\u65f6\u5411\u91cf v \u4e2d\u6240\u6709\u6837\u672c\u6570\u636e\u7684\u81ea\u7136\u5bf9\u6570\u3002\u7279\u6b8a\u60c5\u51b5\uff1a<\/p>\n<div>\n<pre>ln(+Inf) = +Inf\nln(0) = -Inf\nln(x&lt;0) = NaN\nln(NaN) = NaN<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<h3>\u4e8c\u5341\u4e09\u3001log2()<\/h3>\n<p>log2(v instant-vector)\u8ba1\u7b97v\u4e2d\u6240\u6709\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u5bf9\u6570\u3002\u7279\u6b8a\u60c5\u51b5\u7b49\u540c\u4e8eln\u4e2d\u7684\u7279\u6b8a\u60c5\u51b5\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>\u4e8c\u5341\u56db\u3001log10()<\/h3>\n<p>log10(v instant-vector)\u8ba1\u7b97v\u4e2d\u6240\u6709\u5143\u7d20\u768410\u8fdb\u5236\u5bf9\u6570\u3002\u7279\u6b8a\u60c5\u51b5\u7b49\u540c\u4e8eln\u4e2d\u7684\u7279\u6b8a\u60c5\u51b5\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>\u4e8c\u5341\u4e94\u3001minute()<\/h3>\n<p>minute(v=vector(time()) instant-vector)\u4ee5UTC\u4e3a\u5355\u4f4d\u8fd4\u56de\u6bcf\u4e2a\u7ed9\u5b9a\u65f6\u95f4\u7684\u5206\u949f\u3002 \u8fd4\u56de\u503c\u4e3a0\u523059\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>\u4e8c\u5341\u516d\u3001month()<\/h3>\n<p>month(v=vector(time()) instant-vector)\u8fd4\u56deUTC\u4e2d\u6bcf\u4e2a\u7ed9\u5b9a\u65f6\u95f4\u7684\u4e00\u5e74\u4e2d\u7684\u6708\u4efd\u3002 \u8fd4\u56de\u503c\u4e3a1\u523012\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d1\u8868\u793a1\u6708\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>\u4e8c\u5341\u4e03\u3001predict_linear()<\/h3>\n<p data-key=\\\"7b0ea0f06cea4318a3985a27e7542d0f\\\">predict_linear(v range-vector, t scalar)\u00a0\u51fd\u6570\u53ef\u4ee5\u9884\u6d4b\u65f6\u95f4\u5e8f\u5217 v \u5728 t \u79d2\u540e\u7684\u503c\u3002\u5b83\u57fa\u4e8e\u7b80\u5355\u7ebf\u6027\u56de\u5f52\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u5bf9\u65f6\u95f4\u7a97\u53e3\u5185\u7684\u6837\u672c\u6570\u636e\u8fdb\u884c\u7edf\u8ba1\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5bf9\u65f6\u95f4\u5e8f\u5217\u7684\u53d8\u5316\u8d8b\u52bf\u505a\u51fa\u9884\u6d4b\u3002\u8be5\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u8fd4\u56de\u7ed3\u679c\u4e0d\u5e26\u6709\u5ea6\u91cf\u6307\u6807\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u6807\u7b7e\u5217\u8868\u3002\u5982\uff0c\u57fa\u4e8e 2 \u5c0f\u65f6\u7684\u6837\u672c\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u6765\u9884\u6d4b\u4e3b\u673a\u53ef\u7528\u78c1\u76d8\u7a7a\u95f4\u7684\u662f\u5426\u5728 4 \u4e2a\u5c0f\u65f6\u5019\u88ab\u5360\u6ee1\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u5982\u4e0b\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\uff1a<\/p>\n<div>\n<pre>predict_linear(node_filesystem_free{job=\\\"node\\\"}[2h], 4 * 3600) &lt; 0<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<p>\u901a\u8fc7\u4e0b\u9762\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\u6765\u89c2\u5bdf\u8fd4\u56de\u503c\uff1a<\/p>\n<div>\n<pre>predict_linear(http_requests_total{code=\\\"200\\\",instance=\\\"120.77.65.193:9090\\\",job=\\\"prometheus\\\",method=\\\"get\\\"}[5m], 5)\n\u7ed3\u679c\uff1a\n{code=\\\"200\\\",handler=\\\"query_range\\\",instance=\\\"120.77.65.193:9090\\\",job=\\\"prometheus\\\",method=\\\"get\\\"} 1\n{code=\\\"200\\\",handler=\\\"prometheus\\\",instance=\\\"120.77.65.193:9090\\\",job=\\\"prometheus\\\",method=\\\"get\\\"} 4283.449995397104\n{code=\\\"200\\\",handler=\\\"static\\\",instance=\\\"120.77.65.193:9090\\\",job=\\\"prometheus\\\",method=\\\"get\\\"} 22.99999999999999\n...<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<h3>\u4e8c\u5341\u516b\u3001rate()<\/h3>\n<p data-key=\\\"17fcf54dfd864eb596c66050cebb0133\\\">rate(v range-vector)\u00a0\u51fd\u6570\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u8ba1\u7b97\u533a\u95f4\u5411\u91cf v \u5728\u65f6\u95f4\u7a97\u53e3\u5185\u5e73\u5747\u589e\u957f\u901f\u7387\uff0c\u5b83\u4f1a\u5728\u5355\u8c03\u6027\u53d1\u751f\u53d8\u5316\u65f6(\u5982\u7531\u4e8e\u91c7\u6837\u76ee\u6807\u91cd\u542f\u5f15\u8d77\u7684\u8ba1\u6570\u5668\u590d\u4f4d)\u81ea\u52a8\u4e2d\u65ad\u3002\u8be5\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u8fd4\u56de\u7ed3\u679c\u4e0d\u5e26\u6709\u5ea6\u91cf\u6307\u6807\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u6807\u7b7e\u5217\u8868\u3002<\/p>\n<p data-key=\\\"2b3a9dc3359149699adf9a6729cb38c1\\\">\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u8fd4\u56de\u533a\u95f4\u5411\u91cf\u4e2d\u6bcf\u4e2a\u65f6\u95f4\u5e8f\u5217\u8fc7\u53bb 5 \u5206\u949f\u5185 HTTP \u8bf7\u6c42\u6570\u7684\u6bcf\u79d2\u589e\u957f\u7387\uff1a<\/p>\n<div>\n<pre>rate(http_requests_total{job=\\\"api-server\\\"}[5m])<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<p>rate() \u51fd\u6570\u8fd4\u56de\u503c\u7c7b\u578b\u53ea\u80fd\u7528\u8ba1\u6570\u5668\uff0c\u5728\u957f\u671f\u8d8b\u52bf\u5206\u6790\u6216\u8005\u544a\u8b66\u4e2d\u63a8\u8350\u4f7f\u7528\u8fd9\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\u3002<br \/>\n\u6ce8\u610f\uff0c\u5f53\u5c06\u00a0rate()\u00a0\u51fd\u6570\u4e0e<a href=\\\"https:\/\/prometheus.io\/docs\/prometheus\/latest\/querying\/operators\/#aggregation-operators\\\" target=\\\"_blank\\\" rel=\\\"noopener noreferrer\\\" data-key=\\\"e9885a19ea784f30aa928e66e4c9dfd3\\\">\u805a\u5408\u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26<\/a>\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\u00a0sum()\uff09\u6216\u968f\u65f6\u95f4\u805a\u5408\u7684\u51fd\u6570\uff08\u4efb\u4f55\u4ee5\u00a0_over_time\u00a0\u7ed3\u5c3e\u7684\u51fd\u6570\uff09\u4e00\u8d77\u4f7f\u7528\u65f6\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u5148\u6267\u884c rate \u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u518d\u8fdb\u884c\u805a\u5408\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u5426\u5219\u5f53\u91c7\u6837\u76ee\u6807\u91cd\u65b0\u542f\u52a8\u65f6 rate() \u65e0\u6cd5\u68c0\u6d4b\u5230\u8ba1\u6570\u5668\u662f\u5426\u88ab\u91cd\u7f6e\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>\u4e8c\u5341\u4e5d\u3001resets()<\/h3>\n<p data-key=\\\"6d946f03072b4643858db4dfdcdeb82b\\\">resets(v range-vector)\u00a0\u7684\u53c2\u6570\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u533a\u95f4\u5411\u91cf\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u6bcf\u4e2a\u65f6\u95f4\u5e8f\u5217\uff0c\u5b83\u90fd\u8fd4\u56de\u4e00\u4e2a\u8ba1\u6570\u5668\u91cd\u7f6e\u7684\u6b21\u6570\u3002\u4e24\u4e2a\u8fde\u7eed\u6837\u672c\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u503c\u7684\u51cf\u5c11\u88ab\u8ba4\u4e3a\u662f\u4e00\u6b21\u8ba1\u6570\u5668\u91cd\u7f6e\u3002<\/p>\n<p data-key=\\\"d59b52ebfed94297bc9e3e4290f9d47b\\\">\u8fd9\u4e2a\u51fd\u6570\u4e00\u822c\u53ea\u7528\u5728\u8ba1\u6570\u5668\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u5e8f\u5217\u4e0a\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>\u4e09\u5341\u3001round()<\/h3>\n<p>round(v instant-vector, to_nearest=1 scalar)\u00a0\u51fd\u6570\u4e0e\u00a0ceil\u00a0\u548c\u00a0floor\u00a0\u51fd\u6570\u7c7b\u4f3c\uff0c\u8fd4\u56de\u5411\u91cf\u4e2d\u6240\u6709\u6837\u672c\u503c\u7684\u6700\u63a5\u8fd1\u7684\u6574\u6570\u3002to_nearest\u00a0\u53c2\u6570\u662f\u53ef\u9009\u7684,\u9ed8\u8ba4\u4e3a 1,\u8868\u793a\u6837\u672c\u8fd4\u56de\u7684\u662f\u6700\u63a5\u8fd1 1 \u7684\u6574\u6570\u500d\u7684\u503c\u3002\u4f60\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u8be5\u53c2\u6570\u6307\u5b9a\u4e3a\u4efb\u610f\u503c\uff08\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u5c0f\u6570\uff09\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u6837\u672c\u8fd4\u56de\u7684\u662f\u6700\u63a5\u8fd1\u5b83\u7684\u6574\u6570\u500d\u7684\u503c\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>\u4e09\u5341\u4e00\u3001scalar()<\/h3>\n<p>scalar(v instant-vector)\u00a0\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u53c2\u6570\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5355\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u77ac\u65f6\u5411\u91cf,\u5b83\u8fd4\u56de\u5176\u552f\u4e00\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u5e8f\u5217\u7684\u503c\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u6807\u91cf\u3002\u5982\u679c\u5ea6\u91cf\u6307\u6807\u7684\u6837\u672c\u6570\u91cf\u5927\u4e8e 1 \u6216\u8005\u7b49\u4e8e 0, \u5219\u8fd4\u56de\u00a0NaN\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>\u4e09\u5341\u4e8c\u3001sort()<\/h3>\n<p>sort(v instant-vector)\u00a0\u51fd\u6570\u5bf9\u5411\u91cf\u6309\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u503c\u8fdb\u884c\u5347\u5e8f\u6392\u5e8f\uff0c\u8fd4\u56de\u7ed3\u679c\uff1akey: value = \u5ea6\u91cf\u6307\u6807\uff1a\u6837\u672c\u503c[\u5347\u5e8f\u6392\u5217]\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>\u4e09\u5341\u4e09\u3001sort_desc()<\/h3>\n<p>sort(v instant-vector)\u00a0\u51fd\u6570\u5bf9\u5411\u91cf\u6309\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u503c\u8fdb\u884c\u964d\u5e8f\u6392\u5e8f\uff0c\u8fd4\u56de\u7ed3\u679c\uff1akey: value = \u5ea6\u91cf\u6307\u6807\uff1a\u6837\u672c\u503c[\u964d\u5e8f\u6392\u5217]\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>\u4e09\u5341\u56db\u3001sqrt()<\/h3>\n<p>sqrt(v instant-vector)\u00a0\u51fd\u6570\u8ba1\u7b97\u5411\u91cf v \u4e2d\u6240\u6709\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u5e73\u65b9\u6839\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>\u4e09\u5341\u4e94\u3001time()<\/h3>\n<p>time()\u00a0\u51fd\u6570\u8fd4\u56de\u4ece 1970-01-01 \u5230\u73b0\u5728\u7684\u79d2\u6570\u3002\u6ce8\u610f\uff1a\u5b83\u4e0d\u662f\u76f4\u63a5\u8fd4\u56de\u5f53\u524d\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u65f6\u95f4\u6233\u4e09\u5341\u516d\u3001timestamp()<\/p>\n<h3>\u4e09\u5341\u4e03\u3001vector()<\/h3>\n<p>vector(s scalar)\u00a0\u51fd\u6570\u5c06\u6807\u91cf s \u4f5c\u4e3a\u6ca1\u6709\u6807\u7b7e\u7684\u5411\u91cf\u8fd4\u56de\uff0c\u5373\u8fd4\u56de\u7ed3\u679c\u4e3a\uff1akey: value= {}, s\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>\u4e09\u5341\u516b\u3001year()<\/h3>\n<p>year(v=vector(time()) instant-vector)\u4ee5UTC\u683c\u5f0f\u8fd4\u56de\u6bcf\u4e2a\u7ed9\u5b9a\u65f6\u95f4\u7684\u5e74\u4efd\u3002<\/p>\n<h3>\u4e09\u5341\u4e5d\u3001&lt;aggregation&gt;_over_time()<\/h3>\n<p data-key=\\\"511dd59e7e31431091f3fe5f8b8e3359\\\">year(v=vector(time()) instant-vector)\u00a0\u51fd\u6570\u8fd4\u56de\u88ab\u7ed9\u5b9a UTC \u65f6\u95f4\u7684\u5f53\u524d\u5e74\u4efd\u3002<\/p>\n<div>&lt;aggregation&gt;_over_time()<\/div>\n<p data-key=\\\"fa0933b60781479da01b785a73c6ce0d\\\">\u4e0b\u9762\u7684\u51fd\u6570\u5217\u8868\u5141\u8bb8\u4f20\u5165\u4e00\u4e2a\u533a\u95f4\u5411\u91cf\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u4f1a\u805a\u5408\u6bcf\u4e2a\u65f6\u95f4\u5e8f\u5217\u7684\u8303\u56f4\uff0c\u5e76\u8fd4\u56de\u4e00\u4e2a\u77ac\u65f6\u5411\u91cf\uff1a<\/p>\n<ul data-key=\\\"0330bac4fcbe422eaf942022495e473a\\\">\n<li>\n<div data-key=\\\"80506ca4c10c44e78756ab9c0ef79231\\\">\n<p data-key=\\\"7ab76152cb4644d9adc17ce5c43450e6\\\">avg_over_time(range-vector)\u00a0: \u533a\u95f4\u5411\u91cf\u5185\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5ea6\u91cf\u6307\u6807\u7684\u5e73\u5747\u503c\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<div data-key=\\\"a9fa7b4fe56b47949a9d9bb41f78ee67\\\">\n<p data-key=\\\"f65098b7c92b4cad8660ead1c1d426ec\\\">min_over_time(range-vector)\u00a0: \u533a\u95f4\u5411\u91cf\u5185\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5ea6\u91cf\u6307\u6807\u7684\u6700\u5c0f\u503c\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<div data-key=\\\"5fd8d0d5794d4f2fa91a6a3a761948cd\\\">\n<p data-key=\\\"334fc3760c774ecdb10ca07884c876fc\\\">max_over_time(range-vector)\u00a0: \u533a\u95f4\u5411\u91cf\u5185\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5ea6\u91cf\u6307\u6807\u7684\u6700\u5927\u503c\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<div data-key=\\\"c8d5a67c73ab414c99139de550a43eea\\\">\n<p data-key=\\\"7acbfcba50564d148c241d68b29e2ae6\\\">sum_over_time(range-vector)\u00a0: \u533a\u95f4\u5411\u91cf\u5185\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5ea6\u91cf\u6307\u6807\u7684\u6c42\u548c\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<div data-key=\\\"1533d2c5597b44f7b5a6101beff27505\\\">\n<p data-key=\\\"cf4ea0dd035044989417656f0a365521\\\">count_over_time(range-vector)\u00a0: \u533a\u95f4\u5411\u91cf\u5185\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5ea6\u91cf\u6307\u6807\u7684\u6837\u672c\u6570\u636e\u4e2a\u6570\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<div data-key=\\\"df6f74c4acc24719b5fb764753ef9863\\\">\n<p data-key=\\\"25b910349d3f4bc8954b1e43e621aae3\\\">quantile_over_time(scalar, range-vector)\u00a0: \u533a\u95f4\u5411\u91cf\u5185\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5ea6\u91cf\u6307\u6807\u7684\u6837\u672c\u6570\u636e\u503c\u5206\u4f4d\u6570\uff0c\u03c6-quantile (0 \u2264 \u03c6 \u2264 1)\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<div data-key=\\\"e687f3040e9240a898b481be000a78af\\\">\n<p data-key=\\\"41f680abb27040d09103011b7148f37b\\\">stddev_over_time(range-vector)\u00a0: \u533a\u95f4\u5411\u91cf\u5185\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5ea6\u91cf\u6307\u6807\u7684\u603b\u4f53\u6807\u51c6\u5dee\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<div data-key=\\\"5db901ff9aed46cbad43ad3b0bc91c06\\\">\n<p data-key=\\\"e74d62f251054efb8cdd78062d871d0b\\\">stdvar_over_time(range-vector)\u00a0: \u533a\u95f4\u5411\u91cf\u5185\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5ea6\u91cf\u6307\u6807\u7684\u603b\u4f53\u6807\u51c6\u65b9\u5dee\u3002<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u8bf7\u6ce8\u610f\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u503c\u5728\u6574\u4e2a\u65f6\u95f4\u95f4\u9694\u5185\u7684\u95f4\u9694\u4e0d\u5747\u5300\uff0c\u6307\u5b9a\u65f6\u95f4\u95f4\u9694\u5185\u7684\u6240\u6709\u503c\u5728\u805a\u5408\u4e2d\u90fd\u5177\u6709\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u6743\u91cd\u3002\u6ce8\u610f\uff1a\u5373\u4f7f\u533a\u95f4\u5411\u91cf\u5185\u7684\u503c\u5206\u5e03\u4e0d\u5747\u5300\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u5728\u805a\u5408\u65f6\u7684\u6743\u91cd\u4e5f\u662f\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u3002\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h2>PromQL\u4f8b\u5b50<\/h2>\n<h3>\u4e00\u3001\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u5e8f\u5217\u9009\u62e9<\/h3>\n<p>\u4f7f\u7528\u5ea6\u91cf\u6807\u51c6http_requests_total\u8fd4\u56de\u6240\u6709\u65f6\u95f4\u5e8f\u5217\uff1a<\/p>\n<div>\n<pre>http_requests_total<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<p>\u4f7f\u7528\u5ea6\u91cf\u6807\u51c6http_requests_total\u4ee5\u53ca\u7ed9\u5b9a\u7684job\u548chandler\u6807\u7b7e\u8fd4\u56de\u6240\u6709\u65f6\u95f4\u7cfb\u5217\uff1a<\/p>\n<div>\n<pre>http_requests_total{job=\\\"apiserver\\\", handler=\\\"\/api\/comments\\\"}<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<p>\u8fd4\u56de\u76f8\u540c\u5411\u91cf\u7684\u6574\u4e2a\u65f6\u95f4\u8303\u56f4\uff08\u5728\u672c\u4f8b\u4e2d\u4e3a5\u5206\u949f\uff09\uff0c\u4f7f\u5176\u6210\u4e3a\u8303\u56f4\u5411\u91cf\uff1a<\/p>\n<div>\n<pre>http_requests_total{job=\\\"apiserver\\\", handler=\\\"\/api\/comments\\\"}[5m]<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<div>\n\u8bf7\u6ce8\u610f\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f4\u8303\u56f4\u5411\u91cf\u7684\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u4e0d\u80fd\u76f4\u63a5\u7ed8\u5236\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u5728\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u7684\u8868\u683c\uff08\\&#8221;Console\\&#8221;\uff09\u89c6\u56fe\u4e2d\u67e5\u770b\u3002<br \/>\n\u4f7f\u7528\u6b63\u5219\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\uff0c\u60a8\u53ea\u80fd\u4e3a\u540d\u79f0\u4e0e\u7279\u5b9a\u6a21\u5f0f\u5339\u914d\u7684\u4f5c\u4e1a\u9009\u62e9\u65f6\u95f4\u5e8f\u5217\uff0c\u5728\u672c\u4f8b\u4e2d\u4e3a\u6240\u6709\u4ee5server\u7ed3\u5c3e\u7684\u4f5c\u4e1a\u3002 \u8bf7\u6ce8\u610f\uff0c\u8fd9\u4f1a\u8fdb\u884c\u5b50\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u5339\u914d\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u5339\u914d\uff1a\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<pre>http_requests_total{job=~\\\"server$\\\"}<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<p>\u8981\u9009\u62e9\u96644xx\u4e4b\u5916\u7684\u6240\u6709HTTP\u72b6\u6001\u4ee3\u7801\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fd0\u884c\uff1a<\/p>\n<div>\n<pre>http_requests_total{status!~\\\"^4..$\\\"}<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<h3>\u4e8c\u3001\u5b50\u67e5\u8be2<\/h3>\n<p>\u6b64\u67e5\u8be2\u8fd4\u56de\u8fc7\u53bb30\u5206\u949f\u76845\u5206\u949fhttp_requests_total\u6307\u6807\u7387\uff0c\u5206\u8fa8\u7387\u4e3a1\u5206\u949f\uff1a<\/p><\/div>\n<div>\n<div>\n<pre>rate(http_requests_total[5m])[30m:1m]<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<p>\u8fd9\u662f\u5d4c\u5957\u5b50\u67e5\u8be2\u7684\u793a\u4f8b\u3002\u00a0deri\u51fd\u6570\u7684\u5b50\u67e5\u8be2\u4f7f\u7528\u9ed8\u8ba4\u5206\u8fa8\u7387\u3002 \u8bf7\u6ce8\u610f\uff0c\u4e0d\u5fc5\u8981\u5730\u4f7f\u7528\u5b50\u67e5\u8be2\u662f\u4e0d\u660e\u667a\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n<div>\n<pre>max_over_time(deriv(rate(distance_covered_total[5s])[30s:5s])[10m:])<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<h3>\u4e09\u3001\u4f7f\u7528\u51fd\u6570\uff0c\u64cd\u4f5c\u7b26\u7b49<\/h3>\n<p>\u4f7f\u7528http_requests_total\u6307\u6807\u540d\u79f0\u8fd4\u56de\u6240\u6709\u65f6\u95f4\u5e8f\u5217\u7684\u6bcf\u79d2\u901f\u7387\uff0c\u5728\u8fc7\u53bb5\u5206\u949f\u5185\u7684\u589e\u957f\u7387\uff1a<\/p>\n<div>\n<pre>rate(http_requests_total[5m])<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<div>\u5047\u8bbehttp_requests_total\u65f6\u95f4\u5e8f\u5217\u90fd\u6709\u6807\u7b7ejob\uff08\u6309\u4f5c\u4e1a\u540d\u79f0\u6247\u51fa\uff09\u548cinstance\uff08\u6309\u4f5c\u4e1a\u5b9e\u4f8b\u6247\u51fa\uff09\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u80fd\u60f3\u8981\u603b\u7ed3\u6240\u6709\u5b9e\u4f8b\u7684\u901f\u7387\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u6211\u4eec\u5f97\u5230\u7684\u8f93\u51fa\u65f6\u95f4\u5e8f\u5217\u66f4\u5c11\uff0c\u4f46\u4ecd\u7136 \u4fdd\u7559job\u7ef4\u5ea6<\/div>\n<div>\n<pre>sum(rate(http_requests_total)[5m]) by (job)<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<div>\u5982\u679c\u6211\u4eec\u6709\u4e24\u4e2a\u5177\u6709\u76f8\u540c\u7ef4\u5ea6\u6807\u7b7e\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u6307\u6807\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5bf9\u5b83\u4eec\u5e94\u7528\u4e8c\u5143\u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u4e24\u4fa7\u5177\u6709\u76f8\u540c\u6807\u7b7e\u96c6\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u5c06\u5339\u914d\u5e76\u4f20\u64ad\u5230\u8f93\u51fa\u3002 \u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u6b64\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\u4e3a\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5b9e\u4f8b\u8fd4\u56deMiB\u4e2d\u672a\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u5185\u5b58\uff08\u5728\u865a\u6784\u7684\u7fa4\u96c6\u8c03\u5ea6\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e0a\u516c\u5f00\u5b83\u8fd0\u884c\u7684\u5b9e\u4f8b\u7684\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5ea6\u91cf\u6807\u51c6\uff09\uff1a<\/div>\n<div>\n<div>\n<pre>(instance_memory_limit_byte - instant_memory_usage_bytes) \/ 1024 \/ 1024<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<p>\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f\uff0c\u4f46\u7531\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u603b\u7ed3\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fd9\u6837\u5199\uff1a<\/p>\n<div>\n<pre>sum( instance_memory_limit_bytes - instance_memory_usage_bytes) by (app, proc) \/ 1024 \/ 1024<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<p>\u5982\u679c\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u865a\u6784\u96c6\u7fa4\u8c03\u5ea6\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4e3a\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5b9e\u4f8b\u516c\u5f00\u4e86\u5982\u4e0b\u6240\u793a\u7684CPU\u4f7f\u7528\u7387\u6307\u6807\uff1a<\/p>\n<div>\n<pre>instance_cpu_time_ns{app=\\\"lion\\\", pro=\\\"web\\\", rev=\\\"34d0f99\\\", env=\\\"prod\\\", job=\\\"cluster-manager\\\"}\ninstance_cpu_time_ns{app=\\\"elephant\\\", proc=\\\"worker\\\", rev=\\\"34d0f99\\\", env=\\\"prod\\\", job=\\\"cluster-manager\\\"}\ninstance_cpu_time_ns{app=\\\"turtle\\\", proc=\\\"api\\\", rev=\\\"4d3a513\\\", env=\\\"prod\\\", job=\\\"cluster-manager\\\"}\n...<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<p>\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u6309\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff08app\uff09\u548c\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7c7b\u578b\uff08proc\uff09\u5206\u7ec4\u6392\u540d\u524d3\u4f4d\u7684CPU\u7528\u6237\uff1a<\/p>\n<div>\n<pre>topk(3, sum(rate(instance_cpu_time_ns[5m])) by(app, proc))<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<p>\u5047\u8bbe\u6b64\u5ea6\u91cf\u6807\u51c6\u5305\u542b\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8fd0\u884c\u5b9e\u4f8b\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u65f6\u95f4\u7cfb\u5217\uff0c\u60a8\u53ef\u4ee5\u8ba1\u7b97\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8fd0\u884c\u5b9e\u4f8b\u7684\u6570\u91cf\uff0c\u5982\u4e0b\u6240\u793a\uff1a\n<\/p><\/div>\n<div>\n<pre>count(instance_cpu_time_ns) by (app)<\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>PromQL\u64cd\u4f5c\u7b26 \u4e00\u3001\u4e8c\u5143\u64cd\u4f5c\u7b26 Prometheus\u7684\u67e5\u8be2\u8bed\u8a00\u652f\u6301\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u903b\u8f91\u8fd0\u7b97\u548c\u7b97\u672f\u8fd0\u7b97\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4e24\u4e2a\u77ac\u65f6\u5411 &hellip;<\/p>\n<p class=\"read-more\"> <a class=\"\" href=\"http:\/\/www.weijing.co\/?p=1864\"> <span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Prometheus PromQL\u8bf4\u660e<\/span> \u67e5\u770b\u5168\u6587 &raquo;<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"default","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"default","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":""},"categories":[138,122],"tags":[],"uagb_featured_image_src":{"full":false,"thumbnail":false,"medium":false,"medium_large":false,"large":false,"1536x1536":false,"2048x2048":false,"mailpoet_newsletter_max":false,"woocommerce_thumbnail":false,"woocommerce_single":false,"woocommerce_gallery_thumbnail":false,"shop_catalog":false,"shop_single":false,"shop_thumbnail":false},"uagb_author_info":{"display_name":"weijing","author_link":"http:\/\/www.weijing.co\/?author=4"},"uagb_comment_info":0,"uagb_excerpt":"PromQL\u64cd\u4f5c\u7b26 \u4e00\u3001\u4e8c\u5143\u64cd\u4f5c\u7b26 Prometheus\u7684\u67e5\u8be2\u8bed\u8a00\u652f\u6301\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u903b\u8f91\u8fd0\u7b97\u548c\u7b97\u672f\u8fd0\u7b97\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u4e24\u4e2a\u77ac\u65f6\u5411&hellip;","_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.weijing.co\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1864"}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.weijing.co\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.weijing.co\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.weijing.co\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.weijing.co\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=1864"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"http:\/\/www.weijing.co\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1864\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.weijing.co\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=1864"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.weijing.co\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=1864"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.weijing.co\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=1864"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}