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\/>\n\u8d1f\u8f7d\u8c03\u5ea6\u5668\u3001\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u6c60\u548c\u5171\u4eab\u5b58\u50a8\u7cfb\u7edf\u901a\u8fc7\u9ad8\u901f\u7f51\u7edc\u76f8\u8fde\u63a5\uff0c\u5982100Mbps\u4ea4\u6362\u7f51\u7edc\u3001Myrinet\u548cGigabit\u7f51\u7edc\u7b49\u3002\u4f7f\u7528\u9ad8\u901f\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u4e3a\u907f\u514d\u5f53\u7cfb\u7edf\u89c4\u6a21\u6269\u5927\u65f6\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u7edc\u6210\u4e3a\u6574\u4e2a\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u74f6\u9888\u3002<br \/>\nGraphic Monitor\u662f\u4e3a\u7cfb\u7edf\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\u63d0\u4f9b\u6574\u4e2a\u96c6\u7fa4\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u76d1\u89c6\u5668\uff0c\u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u76d1\u89c6\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u3002Graphic Monitor\u662f\u57fa\u4e8e\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u7684\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u65e0\u8bba\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\u5728\u672c\u5730\u8fd8\u662f\u5f02\u5730\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u76d1\u6d4b\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u72b6\u51b5\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u5b89\u5168\u7684\u539f\u56e0\uff0c\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u8981\u901a\u8fc7HTTPS\uff08Secure HTTP\uff09\u534f\u8bae\u548c\u8eab\u4efd\u8ba4\u8bc1\u540e\uff0c\u624d\u80fd\u8fdb\u884c\u7cfb\u7edf\u76d1\u6d4b\uff0c\u5e76\u8fdb\u884c\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u548c\u7ba1\u7406\u3002<br \/>\n<span class=\\\"atitle3\\\">2.1. \u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u4f7f\u7528\u5c42\u6b21\u7684\u4f53\u7cfb\u7ed3\u6784<\/span><br \/>\n\u5c42\u6b21\u7684\u4f53\u7cfb\u7ed3\u6784\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u5f97\u5c42\u4e0e\u5c42\u4e4b\u95f4\u76f8\u4e92\u72ec\u7acb\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u5c42\u6b21\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u5c42\u6b21\u53ef\u4ee5\u91cd\u7528\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5df2\u6709\u8f6f\u4ef6\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u8c03\u5ea6\u5668\u5c42\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u8d1f\u8f7d\u5e73\u8861\u3001\u53ef\u4f38\u7f29 \u6027\u548c\u9ad8\u53ef\u7528\u6027\u7b49\uff0c\u5728\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5c42\u53ef\u4ee5\u8fd0\u884c\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u670d\u52a1\uff0c\u5982Web\u3001Cache\u3001Mail\u548cMedia\u7b49\uff0c\u6765\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u53ef\u4f38\u7f29\u7f51\u7edc\u670d\u52a1\u3002\u660e\u786e\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u5212\u5206\u548c\u6e05\u6670 \u7684\u5c42\u6b21\u7ed3\u6784\u4f7f\u5f97\u7cfb\u7edf\u5bb9\u6613\u5efa\u8bbe\uff0c\u4ee5\u540e\u6574\u4e2a\u7cfb\u7edf\u5bb9\u6613\u7ef4\u62a4\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u5bb9\u6613\u88ab\u6269\u5c55\u3002<br \/>\n<span class=\\\"atitle3\\\">2.2. \u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u662f\u5171\u4eab\u5b58\u50a8<\/span><br \/>\n\u5171\u4eab\u5b58\u50a8\u5982\u5206\u5e03\u5f0f\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2aLVS\u96c6\u7fa4\u7cfb\u7edf\u662f\u53ef\u9009\u9879\u3002\u5f53\u7f51\u7edc\u670d\u52a1\u9700\u8981\u6709\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u5171\u4eab\u5b58\u50a8\u662f\u5f88\u597d\u7684\u9009\u62e9\uff0c\u5426\u5219\u6bcf\u53f0\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u9700\u8981\u5c06\u76f8\u540c\u7684 \u5185\u5bb9\u590d\u5236\u5230\u672c\u5730\u786c\u76d8\u4e0a\u3002\u5f53\u7cfb\u7edf\u5b58\u50a8\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u8d8a\u591a\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u65e0\u5171\u4eab\u7ed3\u6784\uff08Shared-nothing Structure\uff09\u7684\u4ee3\u4ef7\u8d8a\u5927\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u6bcf\u53f0\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u9700\u8981\u4e00\u6837\u5927\u7684\u5b58\u50a8\u7a7a\u95f4\uff0c\u4efb\u4f55\u7684\u66f4\u65b0\u9700\u8981\u6d89\u53ca\u5230\u6bcf\u53f0\u670d\u52a1\u5668\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u7ef4\u62a4\u4ee3\u4ef7\u4f1a\u975e\u5e38\u9ad8\u3002<br \/>\n\u5171\u4eab\u5b58\u50a8\u4e3a\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7ec4\u63d0\u4f9b\u7edf\u4e00\u7684\u5b58\u50a8\u7a7a\u95f4\uff0c\u8fd9\u4f7f\u5f97\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u7ef4\u62a4\u5de5\u4f5c\u6bd4\u8f83\u8f7b\u677e\uff0c\u5982Webmaster\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u66f4\u65b0\u5171\u4eab\u5b58\u50a8\u4e2d\u7684\u9875\u9762\uff0c\u5bf9\u6240\u6709 \u7684\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u90fd\u6709\u6548\u3002\u5206\u5e03\u5f0f\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u63d0\u4f9b\u826f\u597d\u7684\u4f38\u7f29\u6027\u548c\u53ef\u7528\u6027\uff0c\u5f53\u5206\u5e03\u5f0f\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5b58\u50a8\u7a7a\u95f4\u589e\u52a0\u65f6\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u5b58\u50a8\u7a7a\u95f4\u4e5f\u968f\u4e4b\u589e\u5927\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5927\u591a\u6570 Internet\u670d\u52a1\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u90fd\u662f\u8bfb\u5bc6\u96c6\u578b\uff08Read-intensive\uff09\u7684\u5e94\u7528\uff0c\u5206\u5e03\u5f0f\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u5728\u6bcf\u53f0\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4f7f\u7528\u672c\u5730\u786c\u76d8\u4f5cCache\uff08\u5982 2Gbytes\u7684\u7a7a\u95f4\uff09\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u5f97\u8bbf\u95ee\u5206\u5e03\u5f0f\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u672c\u5730\u7684\u901f\u5ea6\u63a5\u8fd1\u4e8e\u8bbf\u95ee\u672c\u5730\u786c\u76d8\u3002<br \/>\n\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u5b58\u50a8\u786c\u4ef6\u6280\u672f\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u4e5f\u4fc3\u4f7f\u4ece\u65e0\u5171\u4eab\u7684\u96c6\u7fa4\u5411\u5171\u4eab\u5b58\u50a8\u7684\u96c6\u7fa4\u8fc1\u79fb\u3002\u5b58\u50a8\u533a\u57df\u7f51\uff08Storage Area Networks\uff09\u6280\u672f\u89e3\u51b3\u4e86\u96c6\u7fa4\u7684\u6bcf\u4e2a\u7ed3\u70b9\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u8fde\u63a5\/\u5171\u4eab\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e9e\u5927\u7684\u786c\u76d8\u9635\u5217\uff0c\u786c\u4ef6\u5382\u5546\u4e5f\u63d0\u4f9b\u591a\u79cd\u786c\u76d8\u5171\u4eab\u6280\u672f\uff0c\u5982\u5149\u7ea4\u901a\u9053\uff08Fiber Channel\uff09\u3001\u5171\u4eabSCSI\uff08Shared SCSI\uff09\u3002InfiniBand\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u901a\u7528\u7684\u9ad8\u6027\u80fdI\/O\u89c4\u8303\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u5b58\u50a8\u533a\u57df\u7f51\u4e2d\u4ee5\u66f4\u4f4e\u7684\u5ef6\u65f6\u4f20\u8f93I\/O\u6d88\u606f\u548c\u96c6\u7fa4\u901a\u8baf\u6d88\u606f\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u63d0\u4f9b\u5f88\u597d\u7684\u4f38\u7f29\u6027\u3002 InfiniBand\u5f97\u5230\u7edd\u5927\u591a\u6570\u7684\u5927\u5382\u5546\u7684\u652f\u6301\uff0c\u5982Compaq\u3001Dell\u3001Hewlett-Packard\u3001IBM\u3001Intel\u3001Microsoft \u548cSUN Microsystems\u7b49\uff0c\u5b83\u6b63\u5728\u6210\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e1a\u754c\u7684\u6807\u51c6\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6280\u672f\u7684\u53d1\u5c55\u4f7f\u5f97\u5171\u4eab\u5b58\u50a8\u53d8\u5f97\u5bb9\u6613\uff0c\u89c4\u6a21\u751f\u4ea7\u4e5f\u4f1a\u4f7f\u5f97\u6210\u672c\u9010\u6b65\u964d\u4f4e\u3002<br \/>\n<span class=\\\"atitle3\\\">2.3. \u9ad8\u53ef\u7528\u6027<\/span><br \/>\n\u96c6\u7fa4\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u7279\u70b9\u662f\u5b83\u5728\u8f6f\u786c\u4ef6\u4e0a\u90fd\u6709\u5197\u4f59\u3002\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u9ad8\u53ef\u7528\u6027\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u68c0\u6d4b\u8282\u70b9\u6216\u670d\u52a1\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6545\u969c\u548c\u6b63\u786e\u5730\u91cd\u7f6e\u7cfb\u7edf\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u7cfb\u7edf\u6536\u5230\u7684\u8bf7\u6c42\u80fd\u88ab\u5b58\u6d3b\u7684\u7ed3\u70b9\u5904\u7406\u3002<br \/>\n\u901a\u5e38\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u8c03\u5ea6\u5668\u4e0a\u6709\u8d44\u6e90\u76d1\u6d4b\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6765\u65f6\u523b\u76d1\u89c6\u5404\u4e2a\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7ed3\u70b9\u7684\u5065\u5eb7\u72b6\u51b5\u3002\u5f53\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5bf9ICMP ping\u4e0d\u53ef\u8fbe\u65f6\u6216\u8005\u63a2\u6d4b\u5979\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u670d\u52a1\u5728\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u6ca1\u6709\u54cd\u5e94\u65f6\uff0c\u8d44\u6e90\u76d1\u6d4b\u8fdb\u7a0b\u901a\u77e5\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u5185\u6838\u5c06\u8be5\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4ece\u8c03\u5ea6\u5217\u8868\u4e2d\u5220\u9664\u6216\u8005\u5931\u6548\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\uff0c\u65b0\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u8bf7\u6c42\u5c31 \u4e0d\u4f1a\u88ab\u8c03\u5ea6\u5230\u574f\u7684\u7ed3\u70b9\u3002\u8d44\u6e90\u76d1\u6d4b\u8fdb\u7a0b\u80fd\u901a\u8fc7\u7535\u5b50\u90ae\u4ef6\u6216\u4f20\u547c\u673a\u5411\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\u62a5\u544a\u6545\u969c\u3002\u4e00\u65e6\u76d1\u6d4b\u8fdb\u7a0b\u5230\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u6062\u590d\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u901a\u77e5\u8c03\u5ea6\u5668\u5c06\u5176\u52a0\u5165\u8c03\u5ea6\u5217\u8868\u8fdb\u884c\u8c03\u5ea6\u3002\u53e6 \u5916\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u7cfb\u7edf\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684\u7ba1\u7406\u7a0b\u5e8f\uff0c\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\u53ef\u53d1\u547d\u4ee4\u968f\u65f6\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u65b0\u673a\u5668\u52a0\u5165\u670d\u52a1\u6765\u63d0\u9ad8\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5904\u7406\u6027\u80fd\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u5df2\u6709\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5207\u51fa\u670d\u52a1\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u5bf9\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u8fdb\u884c\u7cfb\u7edf\u7ef4\u62a4\u3002<br \/>\n\u73b0\u5728\u524d\u7aef\u7684\u8c03\u5ea6\u5668\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u6210\u4e3a\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u5355\u4e00\u5931\u6548\u70b9\uff08Single Point of Failure\uff09\u3002\u4e00\u822c\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u8c03\u5ea6\u5668\u7684\u53ef\u9760\u6027\u8f83\u9ad8\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u8c03\u5ea6\u5668\u4e0a\u8fd0\u884c\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\u8f83\u5c11\u800c\u4e14\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u7a0b\u5e8f\u65e9\u5df2\u7ecf\u904d\u5386\u8fc7\uff0c\u4f46\u6211\u4eec\u4e0d\u80fd\u6392\u9664\u786c\u4ef6\u8001\u5316\u3001\u7f51\u7edc\u7ebf\u8def\u6216\u8005\u4eba\u4e3a\u8bef \u64cd\u4f5c\u7b49\u4e3b\u8981\u6545\u969c\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u907f\u514d\u8c03\u5ea6\u5668\u5931\u6548\u800c\u5bfc\u81f4\u6574\u4e2a\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0d\u80fd\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u8bbe\u7acb\u4e00\u4e2a\u4ece\u8c03\u5ea6\u5668\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e3b\u8c03\u5ea6\u5668\u7684\u5907\u4efd\u3002\u4e24\u4e2a\u5fc3\u8df3\uff08Heartbeat\uff09\u8fdb\u7a0b[6]\u5206 \u522b\u5728\u4e3b\u3001\u4ece\u8c03\u5ea6\u5668\u4e0a\u8fd0\u884c\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u901a\u8fc7\u4e32\u53e3\u7ebf\u548cUDP\u7b49\u5fc3\u8df3\u7ebf\u6765\u76f8\u4e92\u5b9a\u65f6\u5730\u6c47\u62a5\u5404\u81ea\u7684\u5065\u5eb7\u72b6\u51b5\u3002\u5f53\u4ece\u8c03\u5ea6\u5668\u4e0d\u80fd\u542c\u5f97\u4e3b\u8c03\u5ea6\u5668\u7684\u5fc3\u8df3\u65f6\uff0c\u4ece\u8c03\u5ea6\u5668\u901a\u8fc7ARP\u6b3a\u9a97 \uff08Gratuitous ARP\uff09\u6765\u63a5\u7ba1\u96c6\u7fa4\u5bf9\u5916\u7684Virtual IP Address\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u63a5\u7ba1\u4e3b\u8c03\u5ea6\u5668\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u6765\u63d0\u4f9b\u8d1f\u8f7d\u8c03\u5ea6\u670d\u52a1\u3002\u5f53\u4e3b\u8c03\u5ea6\u5668\u6062\u590d\u65f6\uff0c\u8fd9\u91cc\u6709\u4e24\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u4e00\u662f\u4e3b\u8c03\u5ea6\u5668\u81ea\u52a8\u53d8\u6210\u4ece\u8c03\u5ea6\u5668\uff0c\u4e8c\u662f\u4ece\u8c03\u5ea6\u5668\u91ca\u653e Virtual IP Address\uff0c\u4e3b\u8c03\u5ea6\u5668\u6536\u56deVirtual IP Address\u5e76\u63d0\u4f9b\u8d1f\u8f7d\u8c03\u5ea6\u670d\u52a1\u3002\u8fd9\u91cc\uff0c\u591a\u6761\u5fc3\u8df3\u7ebf\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u5f97\u56e0\u5fc3\u8df3\u7ebf\u6545\u969c\u5bfc\u81f4\u8bef\u5224\uff08\u5373\u4ece\u8c03\u5ea6\u5668\u8ba4\u4e3a\u4e3b\u8c03\u5ea6\u5668\u5df2\u7ecf\u5931\u6548\uff0c\u5176\u5b9e\u4e3b\u8c03\u5ea6\u5668\u8fd8\u5728\u6b63\u5e38\u5de5\u4f5c\uff09\u7684\u6982\u8bba \u964d\u5230\u6700\u4f4e\u3002<br \/>\n\u901a\u5e38\uff0c\u5f53\u4e3b\u8c03\u5ea6\u5668\u5931\u6548\u65f6\uff0c\u4e3b\u8c03\u5ea6\u5668\u4e0a\u6240\u6709\u5df2\u5efa\u7acb\u8fde\u63a5\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u4fe1\u606f\u5c06\u4e22\u5931\uff0c\u5df2\u6709\u7684\u8fde\u63a5\u4f1a\u4e2d\u65ad\u3002\u5ba2\u6237\u9700\u8981\u5411\u91cd\u65b0\u8fde\u63a5\uff0c\u4ece\u8c03\u5ea6\u5668\u624d\u4f1a\u5c06\u65b0\u8fde\u63a5\u8c03 \u5ea6\u5230\u5404\u4e2a\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0a\uff0c\u8fd9\u5bf9\u5ba2\u6237\u4f1a\u9020\u6210\u4e00\u5b9a\u7684\u4e0d\u4fbf\u3002\u4e3a\u6b64\uff0cIPVS\u8c03\u5ea6\u5668\u5728Linux 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\/>\n<b>\u56fe2\uff1a\u57fa\u4e8eLVS\u7684Web\u96c6\u7fa4<\/b><\/center>\u5bf9\u4e8e\u52a8\u6001\u9875\u9762\uff08\u5982PHP\u3001JSP\u548cASP\u7b49\uff09\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u8bbf\u95ee\u7684\u52a8\u6001\u6570\u636e\u4e00\u822c\u5b58\u50a8\u5728\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e2d\u3002\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u670d\u52a1\u8fd0\u884c\u5728\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0a\uff0c\u4e3a\u6240\u6709Web\u670d\u52a1\u5668 \u5171\u4eab\u3002\u65e0\u8bba\u540c\u4e00Web\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0a\u591a\u4e2a\u52a8\u6001\u9875\u9762\u8bbf\u95ee\u540c\u4e00\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u8fd8\u662f\u4e0d\u540cWeb\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0a\u591a\u4e2a\u52a8\u6001\u9875\u9762\u8bbf\u95ee\u540c\u4e00\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u6709\u9501\u673a\u5236\u4f7f\u5f97\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8bbf\u95ee\u6709\u5e8f\u5730\u8fdb \u884c\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u4fdd\u8bc1\u6570\u636e\u7684\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\u3002<br 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\/>\n\u5728\u8fd9\u79cd\u7ed3\u6784\u4e0b\uff0c\u5f53\u6240\u6709\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7ed3\u70b9\u8d85\u8f7d\u65f6\uff0c\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f88\u5feb\u5730\u52a0\u5165\u65b0\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7ed3\u70b9\u6765\u5904\u7406\u8bf7\u6c42\uff0c\u800c\u65e0\u9700\u5c06Web\u6587\u6863\u7b49\u590d\u5236\u5230\u7ed3\u70b9\u7684\u672c\u5730\u786c\u76d8\u4e0a\u3002<br \/>\n\u6709\u4e9bWeb\u670d\u52a1\u53ef\u80fd\u7528\u5230HTTP Cookie\uff0c\u5b83\u662f\u5c06\u6570\u636e\u5b58\u50a8\u5728\u5ba2\u6237\u7684\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u6765\u8ffd\u8e2a\u548c\u6807\u8bc6\u5ba2\u6237\u7684\u673a\u5236\u3002\u4f7f\u7528HTTP Cookie\u540e\uff0c\u6765\u540c\u4e00\u5ba2\u6237\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u8fde\u63a5\u5b58\u5728\u76f8\u5173\u6027\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8fde\u63a5\u5fc5\u987b\u88ab\u53d1\u9001\u5230\u540c\u4e00Web\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u3002\u4e00\u4e9bWeb\u670d\u52a1\u4f7f\u7528\u5b89\u5168\u7684HTTPS\u534f\u8bae\uff0c\u5b83\u662fHTTP\u534f\u8bae\u52a0 SSL\uff08Secure Socket 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